Chứng minh: x y + y x x - y x y = x - y với x > 0 và y > 0
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a) Giả sử `(x+1)^2 >= 4x` là đúng.
Có: `(x+1)^2 >=4x <=> x^2+2x+1>=4x`
`<=>x^2+1>=2x`
`<=>x^2-2x+1>=0`
`<=> (x-1)^2>=0 forall x`.
Vậy điều giả sử là đúng.
b) `x^2+y^2+2 >=2(x+y)`
`<=> (x^2-2x+1)+(y^2-2y+1) >=0`
`<=>(x-1)^2+(y-1)^2>=0 forall x,y`
c) `(1/x+1/y)(x+y)>=4`
`<=> (x+y)/(xy) (x+y) >=4`
`<=> (x+y)^2 >= 4xy`
`<=> x^2+2xy+y^2>=4xy`
`<=> (x-y)^2>=0 forall x,y > 0`
d) `x/y+y/x>=2`
`<=> (x^2+y^2)/(xy) >=2`
`<=> x^2+y^2 >=2xy`
`<=> (x-y)^2>=0 \forall x,y>0`.
a) Xét hiệu \(\left(x+1\right)^2-4x\) = \(x^2-2x+1=\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\)
=> \(\left(x+1\right)^2-\text{4x}\) \(\ge\) 0
=> \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge\text{4x}\) (điều phải chứng minh)
b) xét hiệu \(x^2+y^2+2-2\left(x+y\right)\) = \(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\)
=> \(x^2+y^2+2-2\left(x+y\right)\ge0\)
=> \(x^2+y^2+2\ge2\left(x+y\right)\) (điều phải chứng minh)
c) Xét hiệu \(\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+y\right)-4\) = \((\dfrac{x+y}{xy})\left(x+y\right)-4=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-4xy}{xy}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{xy}\) \(\ge0\)(vì x>0,y>0)
=>\(\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+y\right)\ge4\) (điều phải chứng minh)
d) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cau-Chy cho các số x>0;y>0 ta có
\(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\ge2.\left(\dfrac{xy}{yx}\right)=2\)
=> \(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\ge2\) (điều phải chứng minh)
Mình làm hơi tắt mong bạn thông cảm nhé
Chúc bạn học tốt
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt \(P=\left(\dfrac{x-y}{z}+\dfrac{y-z}{x}+\dfrac{z-x}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{z}{x-y}+\dfrac{x}{y-z}+\dfrac{y}{z-x}\right)=9\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x-y}{z}=a\\\dfrac{y-z}{x}=b\\\dfrac{x-z}{y}=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\\ =1+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{b}{a}+1+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+1\\ =3+\dfrac{a+c}{b}+\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{a+c}{b}=\dfrac{\dfrac{x-y}{z}+\dfrac{z-x}{y}}{\dfrac{y-z}{x}}=\dfrac{xy-y^2+z^2-xz}{yz}\cdot\dfrac{x}{y-z}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(z-y\right)\left(y+z-x\right)x}{yz\left(y-z\right)}=\dfrac{x\left(x-y-z\right)}{yz}\)
Mà \(x+y+z=0\Leftrightarrow x=-y-z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+c}{b}=\dfrac{x\left(x+x\right)}{yz}=\dfrac{2x^2}{yz}\)
Cmtt ta được \(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{2y^2}{xz};\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{2z^2}{xy}\)
Cộng vế theo vế
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{2x^2}{yz}+\dfrac{2y^2}{xz}+\dfrac{2z^2}{xy}+3=\dfrac{2x^3+2y^3+2z^3}{xyz}+3\\ \Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)}{xyz}+3\)
Lại có \(x+y+z=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
Thế vào \(P\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{2\cdot3xyz}{xyz}+3=6+3=9\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ta có:\(\frac{\left(x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}}=\frac{\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}}=x-y\)
vậy.....
\(\frac{\left(x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{xy}.\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\)
\(=x-y\)( đpcm )
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{xy}+y+4\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}}\\ A=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}-\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\\ A=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{y}\)
Đề sai
\(A=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2+4\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\)
\(=2\sqrt{x}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(x^2+y^2-z^2>0\Rightarrow x^2+2xy+y^2-z^2>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y-z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)>0\)
Mà x;y;z>0 \(\Rightarrow x+y+z>0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y-z>0\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
b) Với x > 0; y > 0 ta có:
x + y x y - y x x y = x y x - y x y = x + y x - y = x - y
= ( x + y )( x - y ) = x - y
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2\ge3\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\right)=\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\dfrac{3}{xyz}\)
\(x+y+z=\dfrac{x+y+z}{3}+\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{3}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{xyz}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\right)+\dfrac{2}{xyz}=\dfrac{3}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{2}{xyz}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(dấu"="xảy\) \(ra\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Ta có:
Vế trái bằng vế phải nên đẳng thức được chứng minh