Thực hiện các phép tính sau: x 3 - 2 x 2 y + x y 2 2 x + y . 2 x y + y 2 x 3 - x y 2
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MTC = (x - y)(x2 + xy + y2)
\(\dfrac{1}{x-y}-\dfrac{3xy}{x^3-y^3}+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}-\dfrac{3xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2-3xy+\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2-3xy+x^2-2xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^2-4xy+2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
1/x-y-3xy/x^3-y^3+x-y/x^2+xy+y^2
=1/x-y+-3xy/(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)+x-y/x^2+xy+y^2
=x^2+xy+y^2/(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)+-3xy/(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)+x^2-2xy+y^2/(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)
=x^2+xy+y^2-3xy+x^2-2xy-y^2/(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)
=2x^2-5xy/(x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2)
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a.
\(\dfrac{x^3}{x-1}-\dfrac{x^2}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}=\dfrac{x^3-1}{x-1}-\dfrac{x^2-1}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{x-1}-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x+1}\)
\(=x^2+x+1-\left(x-1\right)=x^2+2\)
b.
\(\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{x^2-y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2+4y^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4xy+4y^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{4y\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2y}{x-y}\)
c.
\(\dfrac{x+5}{2x-4}.\dfrac{4-2x}{x+2}=\dfrac{x+5}{2x-4}.\dfrac{-\left(2x-4\right)}{x+2}=-\dfrac{x+5}{x+2}\)
d.
\(\dfrac{8}{x^2+2x-3}+\dfrac{2}{x+3}+\dfrac{1}{x-1}=\dfrac{8}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{x+3}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8+2\left(x-1\right)+x+3}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{3x+9}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{3}{x-1}\)
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a) \(18x^4y^3:12\left(-x\right)^3y\)
\(=\left(18:-12\right)\left(x^4:x^3\right)\left(y^3:y\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{3}{2}xy^2\)
b) \(x^2y^2-2xy^3:\dfrac{1}{2}xy^2\)
\(=\dfrac{xy^2\left(x-2y\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}xy^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2y}{\dfrac{1}{2}}\)
\(=2x-4y\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,\dfrac{x}{x+3}+\dfrac{2-x}{x+3}\\ =\dfrac{x+2-x}{x+3}\\ =\dfrac{2}{x+3}\\b,\dfrac{x^2y}{x-y}-\dfrac{xy^2}{x-y}\\ =\dfrac{x^2y-xy^2}{x-y}\\ =\dfrac{xy\left(x-y\right)}{x-y}\\ =xy\\ c,\dfrac{2x}{2x-y}+\dfrac{y}{y-2x}\\=\dfrac{2x}{2x-y}-\dfrac{y}{2x-y}\\ =\dfrac{2x-y}{2x-y}\\ =1 \)
`a, x/(x+3) + (2-x)/(x+3) = (x+2-x)/(x+3) = 2/(x+3)`
`b, (x^2y)/(x-y) - (xy^2)/(x-y) = (x^2y-xy^2)/(x-y) = (xy(x-y))/(x-y)= xy`
`c, (2x)/(2x-y) - (y)/(2x-y)`
`= (2x-y)/(2x-y) = 1`
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Bài 3:
3: \(6x\left(x-y\right)-9y^2+9xy\)
\(=6x\left(x-y\right)+9xy-9y^2\)
\(=6x\left(x-y\right)+9y\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(6x+9y\right)\)
\(=3\left(2x+3y\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
Bài 4:
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a) \(x^2y\left(5xy-2x^2y-y^2\right)\)
\(=5x^3y^2-2x^4y^2-x^2y^3\)
b) \(\left(x-2y\right)\left(2x^3+4xy\right)\)
\(=2x^4+4x^2y-4x^3y-8xy^2\)
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Bài 2:
1: \(A=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)+2\left(x+1\right)\left(1-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-x\cdot2+2^2\right)-2\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=x^3+2^3-2\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=x^3+8-2x^2+2=x^3-2x^2+10\)
\(B=\left(2x-y\right)^2-2\left(4x^2-y^2\right)+\left(2x+y\right)^2+4\left(y+2\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-y\right)^2-2\cdot\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)+\left(2x+y\right)^2+4\left(y+2\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-y-2x-y\right)^2+4\left(y+2\right)\)
\(=\left(-2y\right)^2+4\left(y+2\right)\)
\(=4y^2+4y+8\)
2: Khi x=2 thì \(A=2^3-2\cdot2^2+10=8-8+10=10\)
3: \(B=4y^2+4y+8\)
\(=4y^2+4y+1+7\)
\(=\left(2y+1\right)^2+7>=7>0\forall y\)
=>B luôn dương với mọi y
Bài 1:
5: \(x^2\left(x-y+1\right)+\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=x^3-x^2y+x^2+x^3+x^2y-x-y\)
\(=2x^3-x+x^2-y\)
6: \(\left(3x-5\right)\left(2x+11\right)-6\left(x+7\right)^2\)
\(=6x^2+33x-10x-55-6\left(x^2+14x+49\right)\)
\(=6x^2+23x-55-6x^2-84x-294\)
=-61x-349
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b: \(\dfrac{xy}{2x-y}-\dfrac{2x^2}{y-2x}=\dfrac{xy}{2x-y}+\dfrac{2x^2}{2x-y}=\dfrac{xy+2x^2}{2x-y}\)
b: \(\dfrac{3x^2-x}{x-1}+\dfrac{x+2}{1-x}+\dfrac{3-2x^2}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x^2-x-x-2+3-2x^2}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-2x+1}{x-1}=x-1\)
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\(\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}+\dfrac{x-1}{x}\right):\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}-\dfrac{x-1}{x}\right)\) \(\left(đk:x\ne0;-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)}:\left(\dfrac{x^2-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+x^2-1}{x\left(x+1\right)}.\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)}{x^2-x^2+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x^2-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)}=2x^2-1\)
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