Giải các phương trình :
a, 3sinx -2cosx =2
b, cosx +4sinx=-1
c, \(\sqrt{3}cosx+4sinx-\sqrt{3}\)=0
d, 2sinx-5cosx=5
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2.1
a.
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx-cosx=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}=\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5\pi}{12}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{13\pi}{12}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(cosx-\sqrt{3}sinx=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}cosx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=-\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k2\pi\\x=-\dfrac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
a.
\(\Leftrightarrow sin2x+cos2x=3sinx+cosx+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sinx.cosx-3sinx+2cos^2x-cosx-3=0=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx\left(2cosx-3\right)+\left(cosx+1\right)\left(2cosx-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+cosx+1\right)\left(2cosx-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx+cosx=-1\\2cosx-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\\cosx=\frac{3}{2}\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{\pi}{4}=-\frac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\x+\frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{5\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
b.
\(\Leftrightarrow1+sinx+cosx+2sinx.cosx+2cos^2x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx\left(2cosx+1\right)+cosx\left(2cosx+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+cosx\right)\left(2cosx+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\left(2cosx+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=0\\cosx=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x=\frac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x=-\frac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: -1<=sin x<=1
=>-1+3<=sin x+3<=1+3
=>2<=sinx+3<=4
=>\(\dfrac{1}{2}>=\dfrac{1}{sinx+3}>=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
=>\(2>=\dfrac{4}{sinx+3}>=1\)
=>\(-2< =-\dfrac{4}{sinx+3}< =-1\)
=>-2+3<=y<=-1+3
=>1<=y<=2
y=1 khi \(\dfrac{-4}{sinx+3}+3=1\)
=>\(\dfrac{-4}{sinx+3}=-2\)
=>sinx+3=2
=>sin x=-1
=>x=-pi/2+k2pi
y=3 khi sin x=1
=>x=pi/2+k2pi
b: -1<=cosx<=1
=>4>=-4cosx>=-4
=>9>=-4cosx+5>=1
=>2/9<=2/5-4cosx<=2
=>2/9<=y<=2
\(y_{min}=\dfrac{2}{9}\) khi \(\dfrac{2}{5-4cosx}=\dfrac{2}{9}\)
=>\(5-4\cdot cosx=9\)
=>4*cosx=4
=>cosx=1
=>x=k2pi
y max khi cosx=-1
=>x=pi+k2pi
c: \(0< =cos^2x< =1\)
=>\(0< =2\cdot cos^2x< =2\)
=>\(-1< =y< =2\)
y min=-1 khi cos^2x=0
=>x=pi/2+kpi
y max=2 khi cos^2x=1
=>sin^2x=0
=>x=kpi
a, \(sin^2x-4sinx+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx-1\right)\left(sinx-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)
b, \(2cos^2-cosx-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cosx-1\right)\left(2cosx+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=1\\cosx=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k2\pi\\x=\pm\dfrac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Đặt \(sinx+cosx=t\left(\left|t\right|\le\sqrt{2}\right)\Rightarrow sinx.cosx=\frac{t^2-1}{2}\)
=> pt có dạng: \(t=\sqrt{2}\left(t^2-1\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}t^2-t-\sqrt{2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t=\frac{-\sqrt{2}}{2}\\t=\sqrt{2}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}sinx+cosx=\frac{-\sqrt{2}}{2}\\sinx+cosx=\sqrt{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\frac{-1}{2}\\sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=1\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+\frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{-\pi}{6}+2k\pi\\x+\frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{7\pi}{6}+2k\pi\\x+\frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{\pi}{2}+2k\pi\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{-5\pi}{12}+2k\pi\\x=\frac{11\pi}{12}+2k\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{4}+2k\pi\end{cases}}\left(k\inℤ\right)}\)
d/
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{\sqrt{29}}sinx-\frac{5}{\sqrt{29}}cosx=\frac{5}{\sqrt{29}}\)
Đặt \(cosa=\frac{2}{\sqrt{29}}\) với \(0< a< \pi\)
\(\Rightarrow sinx.cosa-cosx.sina=sina\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-a\right)=sina\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-a=a+k2\pi\\x-a=\pi-a+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2a+k2\pi\\x=\pi+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{19}}cosx+\frac{4}{\sqrt{19}}sinx=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{19}}\)
Đặt \(cosa=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{19}}\) với \(0< a< \pi\)
\(\Rightarrow cosx.cosa+sinx.sina=cosa\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x-a\right)=cosa\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-a=a+k2\pi\\x-a=-a+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2a+k2\pi\\x=k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)