Cho x, y> 0 thỏa mãn xy=1. Tìm min A= x^3/(y+1) +y^3/(x+1)
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Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}}=\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\dfrac{2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
áp dụng BDT AM-GM
\(=>x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}=>1\ge2\sqrt{xy}=>\sqrt{xy}\le\dfrac{1}{2}=>xy\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy}=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{4}{x^2+2xy+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2.\dfrac{1}{4}}=\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2=4+2=6\)
dấu"=" xảy ra \(< =>x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
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1) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM và bất đẳng thức Schwarz:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+\dfrac{a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{8}{3a+b}\ge8\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).
2.
\(4=a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b\le2\sqrt{2}\)
Đồng thời \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge a^2+b^2\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b+2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}\) (với \(x=a+b\Rightarrow2\le x\le2\sqrt{2}\) )
\(M\le\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}-\sqrt{2}+1+\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{2}-x\right)\left(x+4-2\sqrt{2}\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)}+\sqrt{2}-1\le\sqrt{2}-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2\sqrt{2}\) hay \(a=b=\sqrt{2}\)
3. Chia 2 vế giả thiết cho \(x^2y^2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\le4\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\le16\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
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\(A=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{2}{2xy}\ge\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+2xy}=\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=3+2\sqrt{2}\)
Amin =\(3+2\sqrt{2}\) khi x =y =1/2
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\(A=x-2y+3\Rightarrow x=A+2y-3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2y+A-3\right)^2+y\left(A+2y-3\right)+2y^2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8y^2+\left(5A-15\right)y+A^2-6A+8=0\)
\(\Delta=\left(5A-15\right)^2-32\left(A^2-6A+8\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7A^2+42A-31\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{21-4\sqrt{14}}{7}\le A\le\dfrac{21+4\sqrt{14}}{7}\)
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\(P\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{x^3y^3}}}{xy}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{y^3z^3}}}{yz}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{z^3x^3}}}{zx}\)
\(P\ge\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}\right)\ge\sqrt{3}.3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy.yz.zx}}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Ta có bất đẳng thức sau \(x^3+y^3\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0.\)
Do đó:
\(P=\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}\ge\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{xyz+xy\left(x+y\right)}}{xy}\)
\(=\sqrt{x+y+z}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}\right)\ge\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi $x=y=z=1.$
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Ta có:
\(\left(x+y+1\right)xy=x^2+y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\le4\)
Ta lại có:
\(\frac{1}{x^3}+\frac{1}{y^3}=\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)=\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\le16\)
PS: Sửa đề tìm max nhé
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