Cho\(\Delta\)ABC nhọn .Chứng minh rằng: tanA+tanB+tanC=tanA.tanB.tanC
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\(VT=tanA+tanB+tanC=\dfrac{sinA}{cosA}+\dfrac{sinB}{cosB}+\dfrac{sinC}{cosC}\\ =\dfrac{sinA.sinB+cosA.cosB}{cosA+cosB}+\dfrac{sinC}{cosC}\\ =\dfrac{sin\left(A+B\right)}{cosA.cosB}+\dfrac{sinC}{cosC}\)
Theo định lý tổng 3 góc trong tam giác :
\(\widehat{A}+\widehat{B}+\widehat{C}=180^o\)
\(\Rightarrow A+B=180^o-C\\ \Leftrightarrow sin\left(A+B\right)=sin\left(180^o-C\right)=sinC\\ =\dfrac{sinC}{cosAcosB}+\dfrac{sinC}{cosC}\\ =\dfrac{sinC}{cosAcosBcosC}\left(cosC+cosAcosB\right)\\ =\dfrac{sinC}{cosAcosBcosC}\left(-cos\left(A+B\right)+cosAcosB\right)\\ =\dfrac{sinC}{cosAcosBcosC}\left(-cosAcosB+sinAsinB+cosAcosB\right)\\ =\dfrac{sinAsinBsinC}{cosAcosBcosC}\\ =\dfrac{sinA}{cosA}.\dfrac{sinB}{cosB}.\dfrac{sinC}{cosC}=tanA.tanB.tanC=VP\left(đpcm\right)\)
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Ta có \(A+B+C=\pi\)
\(\Rightarrow A+B=\pi-C\)
\(\Rightarrow tan\left(A+B\right)=tan\left(\pi-C\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{tanA+tanB}{1-tanA.tanB}=-tanC\)
\(\Rightarrow tanA+tanB=-tanC\left(1-tanA.tanB\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow tanA+tanB=-tanC+tanA.tanB.tanC\)
\(\Rightarrow tanA+tanB+tanC=tanA.tanB.tanC\) ( đpcm )
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Ta có:
\(\dfrac{tanA}{tan^3B}=\dfrac{tanA}{tanB}.\dfrac{1}{tan^2B}=\dfrac{\dfrac{sinA}{cosA}}{\dfrac{sinB}{cosB}}.\dfrac{cos^2B}{sin^2B}\)
\(=\dfrac{sinA}{sinB}.\dfrac{cosB}{cosA}.\dfrac{cos^2B}{sin^2B}\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}}{\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}}.\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}\right)^2}{1-\left(\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{b^2+c^2-a^2}.\dfrac{\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)^2}{\left(2ac\right)^2-\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)^3}{b^2+c^2-a^2}.\dfrac{1}{\left[\left(a+c\right)^2-b^2\right]\left[b^2-\left(a-c\right)^2\right]}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)^3}{b^2+c^2-a^2}.\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}\)
Biến đổi tương tự, ta có BĐT tương đương với BĐT đã cho:
\(\dfrac{\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)^3}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)^3}{a^2+c^2-b^2}+\dfrac{\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)^3}{a^2+b^2-c^2}\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\)
Ta có BĐT phụ sau:
\(\dfrac{x^3}{y}+\dfrac{y^3}{z}+\dfrac{z^3}{x}\ge xy+yz+xz\left(\text{*}\right)\) với \(x,y,z>0\)
Chứng minh:
Áp dụng BĐT cộng mẫu:
\(\dfrac{x^3}{y}+\dfrac{y^3}{z}+\dfrac{z^3}{x}=\dfrac{x^4}{xy}+\dfrac{y^4}{yz}+\dfrac{z^4}{xz}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{xy+yz+xz}\ge\dfrac{\left(xy+yz+xz\right)^2}{xy+yz+xz}=xy+yz+xz\)(đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\left(\text{*}\right)\), với đk \(\Delta ABC\) có ba góc nhọn, ta có:
\(\dfrac{\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)^3}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)^3}{a^2+c^2-b^2}+\dfrac{\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)^3}{a^2+b^2-c^2}\ge\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)+\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)\)
Ta chứng minh được:
\(\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)+\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\)
\(=-a^4-b^4-c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2a^2c^2\)
Vậy ta có BĐT cần chứng minh, đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\widehat{A}=\widehat{B}=\widehat{C}=60^0\)
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a)\(VT=sinA+sinB+sinC=2sin\frac{A+B}{2}.cos\frac{A-B}{2}+2sin\frac{C}{2}.cos\frac{C}{2}\)
\(=2cos\frac{C}{2}\left(cos\frac{A-B}{2}+cos\frac{A+B}{2}\right)=4cos\frac{C}{2}.cos\frac{A}{2}.cos\frac{B}{2}\)(đpcm)
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Vì A, B, C là ba góc của tam giác nên ta có : A + B + C = π.
⇒ C = π - (A + B); A + B = π - C
a) Ta có: tan A + tan B + tan C = (tan A + tan B) + tan C
= tan (A + B). (1 – tan A.tan B) + tan C
= tan (π – C).(1 – tan A. tan B) + tan C
= -tan C.(1 – tan A. tan B) + tan C
= -tan C + tan A. tan B. tan C + tan C
= tan A. tan B. tan C
b) sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C
= 2. sin (A + B). cos (A – B) + 2.sin C. cos C
= 2. sin (π – C). cos (A – B) + 2.sin C. cos (π – (A + B))
= 2.sin C. cos (A – B) - 2.sin C. cos (A + B)
= 2.sin C.[cos (A – B) - cos (A + B)]
= 2.sin C.[-2sinA. sin(- B)]
= 2.sin C. 2.sin A. sin B ( vì sin(- B)= - sinB )
= 4. sin A. sin B. sin C
Tại sao câu b) cái phần sin2A + sin2B lại bằng 2sin(A+B).cos(A-B) vậy ạ
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Câu a)
Ta sử dụng 2 công thức:
\(\bullet \tan (180-\alpha)=-\tan \alpha\)
\(\bullet \tan (\alpha+\beta)=\frac{\tan \alpha+\tan \beta}{1-\tan \alpha.\tan \beta}\)
Áp dụng vào bài toán:
\(\text{VT}=\tan A+\tan B+\tan C=\tan A+\tan B+\tan (180-A-B)\)
\(=\tan A+\tan B-\tan (A+B)=\tan A+\tan B-\frac{\tan A+\tan B}{1-\tan A.\tan B}\)
\(=(\tan A+\tan B)\left(1+\frac{1}{1-\tan A.\tan B}\right)=(\tan A+\tan B).\frac{-\tan A.\tan B}{1-\tan A.\tan B}\)
\(=-\tan A.\tan B.\frac{\tan A+\tan B}{1-\tan A.\tan B}=-\tan A.\tan B.\tan (A+B)\)
\(=\tan A.\tan B.\tan (180-A-B)\)
\(=\tan A.\tan B.\tan C=\text{VP}\)
Do đó ta có đpcm
Tam giác $ABC$ có ba góc nhọn nên \(\tan A, \tan B, \tan C>0\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có:
\(P=\tan A+\tan B+\tan C\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\tan A.\tan B.\tan C}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\tan A+\tan B+\tan C\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\tan A+\tan B+\tan C}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\geq 3\sqrt[3]{P}\)
\(\Rightarrow P^3\geq 27P\Leftrightarrow P(P^2-27)\geq 0\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2-27\geq 0\Rightarrow P\geq 3\sqrt{3}\)
Vậy \(P_{\min}=3\sqrt{3}\). Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\angle A=\angle B=\angle C=60^0\)
Câu b)
Ta sử dụng 2 công thức chính:
\(\bullet \tan (\alpha+\beta)=\frac{\tan \alpha+\tan \beta}{1-\tan \alpha.\tan \beta}\)
\(\bullet \tan (90-\alpha)=\frac{1}{\tan \alpha}\)
Áp dụng vào bài toán:
\(\text{VT}=\tan \frac{A}{2}.\tan \frac{B}{2}+\tan \frac{B}{2}.\tan \frac{C}{2}+\tan \frac{C}{2}.\tan \frac{A}{2}\)
\(=\tan \frac{A}{2}.\tan \frac{B}{2}+\tan \frac{C}{2}(\tan \frac{A}{2}+\tan \frac{B}{2})\)
\(=\tan \frac{A}{2}.\tan \frac{B}{2}+\tan (90-\frac{A+B}{2})(\tan \frac{A}{2}+\tan \frac{B}{2})\)
\(=\tan \frac{A}{2}.\tan \frac{B}{2}+\frac{\tan \frac{A}{2}+\tan \frac{B}{2}}{\tan (\frac{A+B}{2})}\)
\(=\tan \frac{A}{2}.\tan \frac{B}{2}+\frac{\tan \frac{A}{2}+\tan \frac{B}{2}}{\frac{\tan \frac{A}{2}+\tan \frac{B}{2}}{1-\tan \frac{A}{2}.\tan \frac{B}{2}}}\)
\(=\tan \frac{A}{2}.\tan \frac{B}{2}+1-\tan \frac{A}{2}.\tan \frac{B}{2}=1=\text{VP}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Cũng giống phần a, ta biết do ABC là tam giác nhọn nên
\(\tan A, \tan B, \tan C>0\)
Đặt \(\tan A=x, \tan B=y, \tan C=z\). Ta có: \(xy+yz+xz=1\)
Và \(T=x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow T^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2(xy+yz+xz)\)
Theo hệ quả quen thuộc của BĐT Cauchy:
\(x^2+y^2+z^2\geq xy+yz+xz\)
\(\Rightarrow T^2\geq 3(xy+yz+xz)=3\)
\(\Rightarrow T\geq \sqrt{3}\Leftrightarrow T_{\min}=\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\Leftrightarrow \angle A=\angle B=\angle C=60^0\)