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\(a.2Al+6HCl->2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Mg+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2\\ b.n_{Al}=a,n_{Mg}=b\\ 27a+24b=7,5\left(I\right)\\ 1,5a+b=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(II\right)\\ a=0,1;b=0,2\\ \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27\cdot0,1}{7,5}\cdot100\%=36\%\\ \%m_{Mg}=64\%\\ c.m_{HCl}=36,5\left(0,1\cdot3+0,2\cdot2\right)=18,25g\\ d.m_{ddsau}=7,5+\dfrac{18,25}{14,6:100}-0,35\cdot2=131,8g\\ C\%\left(AlCl_3\right)=\dfrac{133,5\cdot0,1}{131,8}\cdot100\%=10,1\%\\ C\%\left(MgCl_2\right)=\dfrac{95\cdot0,2}{131,8}\cdot100\%=14,4\%\)
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
x---2x-----------x
Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2
y------2y-----------y
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=24\\x+y=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,3 mol, y=0,3 mol
=>%m Fe=\(\dfrac{0,3.56}{24}.100\)=70%
=>%m Mg=100-70=30%
=>VHCl=\(\dfrac{0,3.2+0,3.2}{2}\)=0,6l=600ml
b)
XCl2+2AgNO3->2AgCl+X(NO3)2
0,6--------------------1,2mol
=>m AgCl=1,2.143,5=172,2g
\(n_{Fe}=x(mol);n_{Mg}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56x+24y=10-2=8(1)\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+y=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=y=0,1(mol)\\ a,\begin{cases} \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{56.0,1}{10}.100\%=56\%\\ \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{24.0,1}{10}.100\%=24\%\\ \%_{Cu}=\dfrac{2}{10}.100\%=20\% \end{cases}\\ \)
\(b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=2(x+y)=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2(l)\)
Gọi a, b lần lượt là mol của Al và Zn
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
a 1,5a
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b b
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+65b=9,2\\1,5a+b=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{9,2}.100\%=29,35\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{9,2}.100\%=70,35\%\)
b. \(n_{H_2}=0,25mol\) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,5mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25g\)
Ta có: \(10\%=\dfrac{18,25}{m_{dd}}.100\%\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m_{dd}=182,5g\)
a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,2 0,1
b,\(m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6.100\%}{12}=46,67\%;\%m_{Cu}=100-46,67=53,33\%\)
c,\(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{7,3.100}{14,6}=50\left(g\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo pt: \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=0,2\\27x+56y=5,5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{470}\\y=\dfrac{37}{470}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{470}\cdot27}{5,5}\cdot100\%=19,84\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-19,84\%=80,16\%\)
Gọi số mol Al, Fe là a, b (mol)
=> 27a + 56b = 11,1 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
a----------------------->1,5a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b------------------------>b
=> 1,5a + b = 0,3 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,1; b = 0,15
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{11,1}.100\%=24,32\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{11,1}.100\%=75,68\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
x______ 2x ____ x ______x
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
y_____2y_______y______ y
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+56=8\\x+y=\frac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Mg}=\frac{0,1.24}{8}.100\%=30\%;\%m_{Fe}=100\%-30\%=70\%\)
\(n_{HC}=2.0,2+2.0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Dd_{HCl}}=\frac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{MgCl2}=\frac{0,1\left(24+71\right)}{8+100-0,2.2}=8,83\%\)
\(C\%_{FeCl2}=\frac{0,\left(56+71\right)}{8+100-0,2.2}.100\%=11,8\%\)