cho a,b,c>0 . Cmr: \(\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{b^2}{c^5}+\frac{c^2}{d^5}+\frac{d^2}{a^5}\ge\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}+\frac{1}{d^3}\)
(sử dụng AM-GM)
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4)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz :
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}=\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\frac{9}{1}=9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi ta có
\(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}\ge\frac{3}{a^2b}\); \(\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\ge\frac{3}{b^2c}\); \(\frac{1}{c^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}+\frac{1}{d^3}\ge\frac{3}{c^2d}\)
\(\frac{1}{d^3}+\frac{1}{d^3}+\frac{1}{a^3}\ge\frac{3}{d^2a}\)
Cộng các BĐt trên ta có
\(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}+\frac{1}{d^3}\ge\frac{1}{a^2b}+\frac{1}{b^2c}+\frac{1}{c^2d}+\frac{1}{d^2a}\)(1)
Áp dụng BĐT buniacoxki ta có
\(\left(\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{b^2}{c^5}+\frac{c^2}{d^5}+\frac{d^2}{a^5}\right)\left(\frac{1}{a^2b}+\frac{1}{b^2c}+\frac{1}{c^2d}+\frac{1}{d^2a}\right)\ge \left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}+\frac{1}{d^3}\right)^2\)
Kết hợp với (1) ta được ĐPCM
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c
Câu 1:
\(4\sqrt[4]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+4\right)\left(c-2\right)\left(d-3\right)}\le a+1+b+4+c-2+d-3=a+b+c+d\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a = -1; b = -4; c = 2; d= 3
\(\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{1}{a^2b}\ge\frac{2}{b^3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^2}{b^5}\ge\frac{2}{b^3}-\frac{1}{a^2b}\)
\(\frac{2}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}\ge\frac{3}{a^2b}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{a^2b}\le\frac{2}{3a^3}+\frac{1}{3b^3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{b^5}\ge\Sigma\left(\frac{5}{3b^3}-\frac{2}{3a^3}\right)=\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}+\frac{1}{d^3}\)
a/ BĐT sai, cho \(a=b=c=2\) là thấy
b/ \(VT=\frac{a^4}{a^2+2ab}+\frac{b^4}{b^2+2bc}+\frac{c^4}{c^2+2ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
c/ Tiếp tục sai nữa, vế phải là \(\frac{3}{2}\) chứ ko phải \(2\), và hy vọng rằng a;b;c dương
\(VT=\frac{a^2}{abc.b+a}+\frac{b^2}{abc.c+b}+\frac{c^2}{abc.a+c}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)+a+b+c}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{9}{3abc+3}\ge\frac{9}{\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{27}+3}=\frac{9}{\frac{3.3^3}{27}+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+b^3\ge3ab^2\) ; \(b^3+c^3+c^3\ge3bc^2\) ; \(c^3+a^3+a^3\ge3ca^2\)
Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\)
\(\frac{a^5}{b^2}+\frac{b^5}{c^2}+\frac{c^5}{a^2}=\frac{a^6}{ab^2}+\frac{b^6}{bc^2}+\frac{c^6}{ca^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{ab^2+bc^2+ca^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=a^3+b^3+c^3\)
1.
C/m bổ đề: \(a^3-b^3\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a^3-b^3\right)\) với \(\forall a,b\in R,a\ge b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^3-4b^3-\left(a^3-3a^2b+3ab^2-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^3+3a^2b-3ab^2-3b^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b\right)^2\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)(đúng)
Theo bài ra: \(a^3-b^3\ge3a-3b-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) Cần c/m: \(\left(a-b\right)^3\ge12a-12b-16\)(1)
Thật vậy:
\(\left(1\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^3-12\left(a-b\right)+16\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a-b\right)^3-8\right]-12\left(a-b-2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a-b\right)+4\right]-12\left(a-b-2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a+b\right)-8\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)^2\left(a-b+4\right)\ge0\) (đúng với mọi a,b thỏa mãn \(a,b\in R,a\ge b\))
2.
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\frac{a+b}{ab}}+\frac{1}{\frac{c+d}{cd}}\le\frac{1}{\frac{a+b+c+d}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{cd}{c+d}\le\frac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab\left(c+d\right)+cd\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)}\le\)\(\frac{ab+ad+bc+cd}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{abc+abd+acd+bcd}{ac+ad+bc+bd}\le\frac{ab+ad+bc+cd}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad+ab+bc+cd\right)\left(ac+ad+bc+bd\right)\ge\)\(\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(abc+abd+acd+bcd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad\right)^2-2abcd+\left(bc\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad-bc\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng với mọi a,b,c,d>0)
Ta chứng minh BĐT sau với các số dương:
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương: \(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Áp dụng:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\)
b.
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}\ge\dfrac{12}{a+b}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\ge\dfrac{8}{b+c}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\) (3)
Cộng vế với vế (1); (2) và (3):
\(\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{5}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}\ge4\left(\dfrac{3}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}\ge\frac{3}{a^2b}\)
\(\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\ge\frac{3}{b^2c}\)
..............................
=> \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}+\frac{1}{d^3}\ge\frac{1}{a^2b}+\frac{1}{b^2c}+\frac{1}{c^2d}+\frac{1}{d^2a}\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt cosi ta có
\(\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{1}{a^2b}\ge\frac{2}{b^3}\)
\(\frac{b^2}{c^5}+\frac{1}{b^2c}\ge\frac{2}{c^3}\)
\(\frac{c^2}{d^5}+\frac{1}{c^2d}\ge\frac{2}{d^3}\)
\(\frac{d^2}{a^5}+\frac{1}{d^2a}\ge\frac{2}{a^3}\)
Cộng vế của các bđt trên và kết hợp với (1)
=> ĐPCM
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c