Cho A = 1/5+1/5^2+1/5^3+...+1/5^2014. Chứng minh rằng A < 1/4
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\(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+........+\frac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A=1+\frac{1}{5}+...........+\frac{1}{5^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A-A=1+...........+\frac{1}{5^{2013}}-\frac{1}{5}+...........+\frac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A=1-\frac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A< 1\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{4}\)
=> 5A = 1 + 1/5 +...+1/5^2013
=>4A= 1- 1/5^2014
=> 4A< 1 => A < 1/4
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
A=\(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
5A=\(\dfrac{5}{5}+\dfrac{5}{5^2}+\dfrac{5}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{5}{5^{2014}}\)
5A=\(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2013}}\)
5A-A=\(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2013}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\right)\)4A=\(1-\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
4A=\(\dfrac{5^{2014}-1}{5^{2014}}\)
A=\(\dfrac{5^{2014}-1}{5^{2014}}:4\)
A=\(\dfrac{5^{2014}-1}{5^{2014}}.\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)A<\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Ta có:
A = \(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+....+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) 5A = 5\(\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+....+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) 5A = \(\dfrac{5}{5}+\dfrac{5}{5^2}+\dfrac{5}{5^3}+....+\dfrac{5}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) 5A = \(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+....+\dfrac{1}{5^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+....+\dfrac{1}{5^{2013}}\right)\)-\(\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+....+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\right)\) = 5A - A
\(\Rightarrow\)4A= 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) A =\(\dfrac{5^{2014}-1}{5^{2014}}\) : 4
Vậy A =\(\dfrac{5^{2014}-1}{5^{2014}}\) : 4
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Ta có A = \(1+5+5^2+...+5^{2015}\)
=> 5A = \(5+5^2+5^3+...+5^{2016}\)
=> 5A - A = \(5+5^2+5^3+...+5^{2016}-1-5-5^2-...-5^{2015}\)
=> 4A = \(5^{2016}-1\)
=> A = \(\left(5^{2016}-1\right):4\)
=> A chia hết cho 31
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Bài 3:
\(A=5+5^2+..+5^{12}\)
\(5A=5\cdot\left(5+5^2+..5^{12}\right)\)
\(5A=5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}\)
\(5A-A=\left(5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}\right)-\left(5+5^2+...+5^{12}\right)\)
\(4A=5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}-5-5^2-...-5^{12}\)
\(4A=5^{13}-5\)
\(A=\dfrac{5^{13}-5}{4}\)
TỪ ĐỀ BÀI => 5A=1+1/5+1/5^2+......+1/5^2013
CÓ 4A=5A-A
=>4A=(1+1/5+1/5^2+.....+1/5^2013)-(1/5+1/5^2+1/5^3+....+1/5^2014)
=>4A= 1- 1/5^2014
=>A= (1-1/5^2014)/4 ;CÓ 1-1/5^2014 <1
=>A<1/4
\(\text{Giải}\)
\(\text{5A=1+1/5+1/5^2+......+1/5^2013}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A-A=4A=1-\frac{1}{5^{2014}}< 1\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{4}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)