Trung hòa 200g dung dịch NaOH nồng độ 10% bằng dung dịch axit sunfuric nồng độ 20%. Tính khối lượng dung dịch axit sunfuric
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{10.200}{100}=20\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O|\)
2 1 1 2
0,5 0,25 0,25
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,5.1}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H2SO4}=0,25.98=24,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{24,5.100}{20}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{Na2SO4}=\dfrac{0,25.1}{1}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Na2SO4}=0,25.142=35,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=200+122,5=322,5\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{Na2SO4}=\dfrac{35,5.100}{322,5}=11\)0/0
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{150.8\%}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,3 0,15 0,15 0,3
\(m_{HCl}=0,15.98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,7.100}{4,9}=300\left(g\right)\)
\(b,m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,15.142=21,3\left(g\right)\)
\(c,C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{21,3}{150+300}.100\%=4,733\%\)
Phần tính m dd axit bị nhầm thành thành HCl rồi em nhé, dẫn tới phần c cũng sai theo.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2
0,2--->0,2--------->0,2------>0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{20\%}=98\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{98}{1,14}=86\left(ml\right)=0,086\left(l\right)\\ \rightarrow C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,086}=2,33M\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(H_2SO_4+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,024.0,1=0,0024\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(CM_{H_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=\dfrac{0,0024}{0,002}=1,2M\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{10,8}{24}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,45 0,45 0,45
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,45.98=44,1\left(g\right)\\
C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{44,1}{176,4}.100\%=25\%\\
V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{NaCl}=n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,6.40=24\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{24}{20\%}=120\left(g\right)\)
c, \(m_{NaCl}=0,6.58,5=35,1\left(g\right)\)
2NaOH+H2SO4->Na2SO4+H2O
0,5-------0,25
m NaOH=20g
=>n NaOH=20\40=0,5 mol
=>m H2SO4=0,25.98=24,5g
=>m dd H2SO4=122,5g