Cho hai số dương a, b thỏa mãn: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{2018}\). Chứng minh: \(\sqrt{a-2018}+\sqrt{b-2018}=\sqrt{a+b}\)
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HP
17 tháng 8 2021
\(P=\dfrac{a}{a+\sqrt{2018a+bc}}+\dfrac{b}{b+\sqrt{2018b+ca}}+\dfrac{c}{c+\sqrt{2018c+ab}}\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{a+\sqrt{a.\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}}+\dfrac{b}{b+\sqrt{b.\left(a+b+c\right)+ca}}+\dfrac{c}{c+\sqrt{c.\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}}\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{a+\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}+\dfrac{b}{b+\sqrt{b^2+ab+bc+ca}}+\dfrac{c}{c+\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}}\)
\(=\dfrac{a\left(\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}-a\right)}{ab+bc+ca}+\dfrac{b\left(\sqrt{b^2+ab+bc+ca}-b\right)}{ab+bc+ca}+\dfrac{c\left(\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}-c\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(=\dfrac{a\left(\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}-a\right)}{ab+bc+ca}+\dfrac{b\left(\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}-b\right)}{ab+bc+ca}+\dfrac{c\left(\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}-c\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\le\dfrac{a\left(\dfrac{2a+b+c}{2}-a\right)}{ab+bc+ca}+\dfrac{b\left(\dfrac{2b+c+a}{2}-b\right)}{ab+bc+ca}+\dfrac{c\left(\dfrac{2c+b+a}{2}-c\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(=\dfrac{ab+ac}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{bc+ba}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ca+cb}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=1\)
\(maxP=1\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{2018}{3}\)
HP
19 tháng 1 2021
Áp dụng BĐT Cosi cho 2018 số:
\(2017.6^{2018}.\sqrt[2017]{m}+\dfrac{\left(2a\right)^{2018}}{m}\ge2018\sqrt[2018]{\left(6^{2018}.\sqrt[2017]{m}\right)^{2017}\dfrac{\left(2a\right)^{2018}}{m}}=2018.2.6^{2017}.a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(2a\right)^{2018}}{m}\ge2018.2.6^{2017}.a-2017.6^{2018}.\sqrt[2017]{m}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(2a\right)^{2018}}{m}\ge2018.4.6^{2017}.a-2017.2.6^{2018}.\sqrt[2017]{m}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{2\left(2b\right)^{2018}}{n}\ge2018.4.6^{2017}.b-2017.2.6^{2018}.\sqrt[2017]{n}\)
\(\dfrac{3.c^{2018}}{p}\ge2018.3.6^{2017}.c-2017.6^{2018}.3.\sqrt[2017]{p}\)
\(\Rightarrow S\ge2018.6^{2017}\left(4a+4b+3c\right)-2017.6^{2018}\left(2\sqrt[2017]{m}+2\sqrt[2017]{n}+3\sqrt[2017]{p}\right)\)
\(\ge2018.6^{2017}.42-2017.6^{2018}.7=7.6^{2018}>6^{2018}\)
Vậy \(S>6^{2018}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
13 tháng 8 2021
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{2019}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}=\dfrac{1}{2019}\Rightarrow2019=\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{1}{2019}-\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{b-2019}{2019b}\Rightarrow b-2019=\dfrac{2019b}{a}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{2019}-\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{a-2019}{2019a}\Rightarrow a-2019=\dfrac{2019a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a-2019}+\sqrt{b-2019}=\sqrt{\dfrac{2019a}{b}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2019b}{a}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2019}\left(a+b\right)}{\sqrt{ab}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{a+b}}.\dfrac{a+b}{\sqrt{ab}}=\sqrt{a+b}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
19 tháng 4 2022
Đề bài sai
Đề đúng: \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{c}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c}+2\sqrt{a}+3}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)