Bài tập:giải các phương trình sau
1) x4 - 5x2 + 4 = 0
2)x4 +48x2 -49 = 0
3) 2x4 + 5x2 +2= 0
4) (x2 +5x)2 -2( x2 +5x)-24=0
5)(x2 + x +1)(x2 + x + 2) = 12
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Đáp án: D
(x2 - 4) (x2 - 1) = 0 ⇔ x = ±2; x = ±1 nên A = {-2; -1; 1; 2}
(x2 - 4) (x2 + 1) = 0 ⇔ x2 - 4 = 0 ⇔ x = ±2 nên B = {-2; 2}
x4 - 5x2 + 4)/x = 0 ⇔ x4 - 5x2 + 4 = 0 ⇔ x = ±2; x = ±1 nên D = {-2; -1; 1; 2}
=> A = D
Bài 1
a/ \(x\left(x^2+1\right)+2\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\Rightarrow x=-2\)
b/
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-6x^2+9x+5x^2-30x+45=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-3\right)^2+5\left(x-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+5\right)\left(x-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
1.
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^3+2x^2+2x+x^2+2x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2+2x+2\right)+x^2+2x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x^2+2x+2=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+x^3-2x^2-x^3-x^2+2x+4x^2+4x-8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+x-2\right)-x\left(x^2+x-2\right)+4\left(x^2+x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x+4\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x+4=0\left(vn\right)\\x^2+x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
\(a,x^4+5x^2+9\\=(x^4+6x^2+9)-x^2\\=[(x^2)^2+2\cdot x^2\cdot3+3^2]-x^2\\=(x^2+3)^2-x^2\\=(x^2+3-x)(x^2+3+x)\)
\(b,x^4+3x^2+4\\=(x^4+4x^2+4)-x^2\\=[(x^2)^2+2\cdot x^2\cdot2+2^2]-x^2\\=(x^2+2)^2-x^2\\=(x^2+2-x)(x^2+2+x)\)
\(c,2x^4-x^2-1\\=2x^4-2x^2+x^2-1\\=2x^2(x^2-1)+(x^2-1)\\=(x^2-1)(2x^2+1)\\=(x-1)(x+1)(2x^2+1)\)
Bài 2:
\(a,\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)=120\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)\right]\cdot\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\right]=120\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+5x+4\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)=120\) (1)
Đặt \(x^2+5x+5=y\), khi đó (1) trở thành:
\(\left(y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)=120\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-1=120\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2=121\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=11\\y=-11\end{matrix}\right.\)
+, TH1: \(y=11\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+5=11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+6x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)+6\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\left(\text{nhận}\right)\)
+, TH2: \(y=-11\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+5=-11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{2}+\left(\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2\right]-\dfrac{25}{4}+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{4}=0\)
Ta thấy: \(\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{4}\ge\dfrac{39}{4}>0\forall x\)
Mà \(\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{4}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) loại
Vậy \(x\in\left\{1;-6\right\}\).
\(b,\) Đề thiếu vế phải rồi bạn.
Bài 1:
a) (3x - 2)(4x + 5) = 0
<=> 3x - 2 = 0 hoặc 4x + 5 = 0
<=> 3x = 2 hoặc 4x = -5
<=> x = 2/3 hoặc x = -5/4
b) (2,3x - 6,9)(0,1x + 2) = 0
<=> 2,3x - 6,9 = 0 hoặc 0,1x + 2 = 0
<=> 2,3x = 6,9 hoặc 0,1x = -2
<=> x = 3 hoặc x = -20
c) (4x + 2)(x^2 + 1) = 0
<=> 4x + 2 = 0 hoặc x^2 + 1 # 0
<=> 4x = -2
<=> x = -2/4 = -1/2
d) (2x + 7)(x - 5)(5x + 1) = 0
<=> 2x + 7 = 0 hoặc x - 5 = 0 hoặc 5x + 1 = 0
<=> 2x = -7 hoặc x = 5 hoặc 5x = -1
<=> x = -7/2 hoặc x = 5 hoặc x = -1/5
a: \(=x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
b: \(=25-\left(x-2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(5-x+2y\right)\left(5+x-2y\right)\)
d: Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+5x+4\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)-24=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\dfrac{5x_1-x_2}{x_1}+\dfrac{5x_2-x_1}{x_2}\)
\(=\dfrac{5x_1\cdot x_2-x_2^2+5x_1x_2-x_1^2}{x_1x_2}\)
\(=\dfrac{10x_1x_2-\left[\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2\right]}{x_1x_2}\)
\(=\dfrac{10\cdot4-\left[5^2-2\cdot4\right]}{4}=\dfrac{40-25+8}{4}=\dfrac{23}{4}\)
BÀI 1. Giải các phương trình sau bằng công thức nghiệm hoặc (công thức nghiện thu gọn).
1) x2 - 11x + 38 = 0 ;
2) 6x2 + 71x + 175 = 0 ;
3) 5x2 - 6x + 27 =0 ;
4) - 30x2 + 30x - 7,5 = 0 ;
5) 4x2 - 16x + 17 = 0 ;
6) x2 + 4x - 12 = 0 ;
Bài 4 : \(\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-2\left(x^2+5x\right)-24=0\)
Đặt \(x^2+5x=a\) . Phương trình trở thành :
\(a^2-2a-24=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+4\right)\left(a-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+4=0\\a-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-4\\a=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(a=-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x=-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(a=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{-1;2;-3;-4\right\}\)
1) x4 - 5x2 + 4 = 0
⇔ x4 - x2 - 4x2 + 4 = 0
⇔ x2(x2 - 1) - 4(x2 - 1) = 0
⇔ (x2 - 1)(x2 - 4) = 0
⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-1=0\\x^2-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm1\\x=\pm2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=\pm1\)và \(x=\pm2\)