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a)
$n_{Zn} = \dfrac{13}{65} = 0,2(mol) ; n_{H_2 SO_4} = 0,5.2 = 1(mol)$
$Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2$
Ta thấy :
$n_{Zn} < n_{H_2SO_4}$ nên $H_2SO_4$ dư
$n_{ZnSO_4} = n_{H_2SO_4\ pư} = n_{Zn} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{ZnSO_4} = 0,2.161=32,2(gam)$
$m_{H_2SO_4\ pư} = 0,2.98 = 19,6(gam)$
b)
$n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = 1 - 0,2 = 0,8(mol)$
$C_{M_{H_2SO_4\ dư}} = \dfrac{0,8}{0,5} = 1,6M$
$C_{M_{FeSO_4}} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,5} = 0,4M$
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5.2=1\left(mol\right)\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ a.Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{1}{1}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(p.ứ\right)}=n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{H_2SO_4\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{ZnSO_4}=161.0,2=32,2\left(g\right)\\ b.V_{ddsau}=V_{ddH_2SO_4}=0,5\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\\ C_{MddH_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1-0,2}{0,5}=1,6\left(M\right)\)
a)
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{Fe} = 0,15.56 = 8,4(gam)$
b)
$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = 0,15(mol)$
$C_{M_{H_2SO_4}} = \dfrac{0,15}{0,05} = 3M$
c)
$n_{FeSO_4} = n_{H_2} = 0,15(mol)$
$C_{M_{FeSO_4}} = \dfrac{0,15}{0,05} = 3M$
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
_____0,2-->0,6----->0,2---->0,3
=> \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)
b) VH2 = 0,3.24,79 = 7,437 (l)
c) \(C_{M\left(AlCl_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1,12}{56}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl -->FeCl2 + H2
_____0,02->0,04--->0,02--->0,02
=> VH2 = 0,02.22,4 = 0,448(l)
b) mFeCl2 = 0,02.127 = 2,54(g)
c) \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,2}=0,2M\)
Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
1 2 1 1
0,02 0,04 0,02 0,02
nFe=\(\dfrac{1,12}{56}\)= 0,02(mol)
a). nH2=\(\dfrac{0,02.1}{1}\)= 0,02(mol)
→VH2= n . 22,4 = 0,02 . 22,4 = 0,448(l)
b). nFeCl2= \(\dfrac{0,02.1}{1}\)= 0,02(mol)
→mFeCl2= n . M = 0,02 . 127 = 2,54(g)
c). 200ml = 0,2l
nHCl= \(\dfrac{0,02.2}{1}\)=0,04(mol)
→CM= \(\dfrac{n}{V}\)= \(\dfrac{0,04}{0,2}\)= 0,2M
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{100}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(CaCO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CaSO_4+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(0.1..........0.1................0.1...........0.1\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.2}=0.5\left(M\right)\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{CaSO_4}=0.1\cdot136=13.6\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5\cdot0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot27=0,9\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}\approx0,017\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0,017}{0,1}\approx0,17M\)
$n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,05(mol)$
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{150.20\%}{98} = \dfrac{15}{49}(mol)$
$Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2O$
Ta thấy :
$n_{Fe_2O_3} : 1 < n_{H_2SO_4} :3$ nên $H_2SO_4$ dư
$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 8 + 150 = 158(gam)$
$n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = \dfrac{15}{49} - 0,05.3 = \dfrac{153}{980}(mol)$
$n_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,025(mol)$
$C\%_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{ \dfrac{153}{980}.98}{158} .100\% = 9,7\%$
$C\%_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{0,025.400}{158}.100\% = 6,3\%$
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,8}{40}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{MgO}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,02.98}{50}.100\%=3,92\%\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,8}{40}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
0,02 0,02
\(a,m_{H_2SO_4}=0,02.98=1,96\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{1,96}{50}.100\%=3,92\%\)
a)
$n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH:
$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,3}{2} = 0,15(lít)$
$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,1(mol)$
$C_{M_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,15} = 0,67M$
b)
$V_{H_2} = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(lít)$
cảm ơn a nhiều ạ