Tìm x : \(\left|x+2016\right|+\left|x+2017\right|+\left|x+2018\right|=10x\)
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Với mọi x ta có :
\(\left|x+2018\right|=\left|-x-2018\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2016\right|+\left|x+2018\right|=\left|x+2016\right|+\left|-x-2018\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2016\right|+\left|-x-2018\right|\ge\left|\left(x+2016\right)+\left(-x-2018\right)\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2016\right|+\left|-x-2018\right|\ge\left|-2\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2016\right|+\left|-x-2018\right|\ge2\)
Mà \(\left|x+2017\right|\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2016\right|+\left|-x-2018\right|+\left|x+2017\right|\ge2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2016\right)\left(-x-2018\right)\ge0\left(1\right)\\\left|x+2017\right|=0\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2016\ge0\\-x-2018\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2016\le0\\-x-2018\le0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-2016\\-2018\ge x\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le-2016\\-2018\le x\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-2016\ge x\ge-2018\\x\in\varnothing\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2016\ge x\ge-2018\left(I\right)\)
Từ \(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow x+2017=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-2017\left(II\right)\)
Từ \(\left(I\right)+\left(II\right)\Leftrightarrow GTNN\) của \(\left|x+2016\right|+\left|x+2017\right|+\left|x+2017\right|=2\Leftrightarrow x=-2017\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
À khác cái dấu nhưng đề phải là giải phương trình chứ
Đặt 2017-x=a => x-2018=-a-1 phương trình trở thành:
\(\frac{a^2+a\left(-a-1\right)+\left(a-1\right)^2}{a^2-a\left(-a-1\right)+\left(a-1\right)^2}=\frac{19}{49}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+a+1}{3a^2+3a+1}=\frac{19}{49}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow49\left(a^2+a+1\right)=19\left(3a^2+3a+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow49a^2+49a+49=57a^2+57a+19\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8a^2+8a-30=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=\frac{3}{2}\\a=-\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2015,5\\x=2019,5\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy......................
Dễ thấy: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+2016\right|\ge0\\\left|x+2017\right|\ge0\\\left|x+2018\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+2016\right|+\left|x+2017\right|+\left|x+2018\right|\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge0\Rightarrow VP\ge0\Rightarrow10x\ge0\Rightarrow x\ge10\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2016\right)+\left(x+2017\right)+\left(x+2018\right)=10x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x+6051=10x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6051=7x\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{6051}{7}\)