Cho 2 đa thức: P(x) = \(-5x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}+8x^4+x^2\)
Q(x) = \(x^2-5x-2x^3+x^4-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Hãy tính P(x) + Q(x) và P(x) - Q(x).
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a. * A(x) = \(-2x^2+3x-4x^3+\dfrac{3}{5}-5x^4\)
A(x)= \(-5x^4-4x^3-2x^2+3x+\dfrac{3}{5}\)
*B(x) = \(3x^4+\dfrac{1}{5}-7x^2+5x^3-9x\)
B(x)= \(3x^4+5x^3-7x^2-9x+\dfrac{1}{5}\)
A(x) +B(x) = \(-5x^4-4x^3-2x^2+3x+\dfrac{3}{5}+3x^4+5x^3-7x^2-9x+\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(-\left(5x^4-3x^4\right)-\left(4x^3-5x^3\right)-\left(2x^2+7x^2\right)+\left(3x-9x\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)
\(=-2x^4+x^3-9x^2-6x+\dfrac{4}{5}\)
B(x)-A(x)=\(\left(3x^4+5x^3-7x^2-9x+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)-\left(5x^4-4x^3-2x^2+3x+\dfrac{3}{5}\right)\)
\(3x^4+5x^3-7x^2-9x+\dfrac{1}{5}-5x^4+4x^3+2x^2-3x-\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(\left(3x^4-5x^4\right)+\left(5x^3+4x^3\right)-\left(7x^2-2x^2\right)-\left(9x+3x\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{3}{5}\right)\)
\(-2x^4+9x^3-5x^2-12x+\dfrac{2}{5}\)
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Cho 2 đa thức sau: A(x)=-2x2+3x-4x3+\(\dfrac{3}{5}\)-5x4
B(x)=3x4+\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)-7x2+5x3-9x
a.sắp xếp các đa thức sau theo lũy thừa giảm dần của biến.
A(x)= -5x4 -4x3 -2x2 +3x+\(\dfrac{3}{5}\)
B(x)= 3x4 +5x3 -7x2 -9x+ \(\dfrac{1}{5}\)
b. A(x)+B(x)=(-5x4 -4x3 -2x2 +3x+\(\dfrac{3}{5}\))+ (3x4 +5x3 -7x2 -9x+\(\dfrac{1}{5}\) ) =-5x4 -4x3 -2x2 +3x+\(\dfrac{3}{5}\)+3x4 +5x3 -7x2 -9x +\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)
= (-5x4 +3x4 )+(-4x3 +5x3) +(-2x2 -7x2)+(3x-9x)+(\(\dfrac{3}{5}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{5}\))
= -2x4 +x3 -8x2 -6x+\(\dfrac{4}{5}\)
A(x)-B(x)=(-5x4 -4x3 -2x2 +3x+\(\dfrac{3}{5}\))-(3x4 +5x3 -7x2 -9x+\(\dfrac{1}{5}\) )
=-5x4 -4x3 -2x2 +3x+\(\dfrac{3}{5}\)-3x4 -5x3 +7x2 +9x-\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)
=(-5x4 -3x4 )+(-4x3-5x3) +(-2x2 +7x2)+(3x+9x)+(\(\dfrac{3}{5}\)-\(\dfrac{1}{5}\))
=-8x4-9x2+5x2+12x+\(\dfrac{2}{5}\)
CHÚC BN HỌC TỐT
Câu 1:
a) \(P\left(x\right)=x^5+7x^4-9x^3+\left(-3x^2+x^2\right)-\frac{1}{4}x\)
\(P\left(x\right)=x^5+7x^4-9x^3-2x^2-\frac{1}{4}x\)
\(Q\left(x\right)=-x^5+5x^4-2x^3+\left(x^2+3x^2\right)-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(Q\left(x\right)=-x^5+5x^4-2x^3+4x^2-\frac{1}{4}\)
b) \(P\left(x\right)+Q\left(x\right)=\left(x^5+7x^4-9x^3-2x^2-\frac{1}{4}x\right)+\left(-x^5+5x^4-2x^3+4x^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(P\left(x\right)+Q\left(x\right)=x^5+7x^4-9x^3-2x^2-\frac{1}{4}x-x^5+5x^4-2x^3+4x^2-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(P\left(x\right)+Q\left(x\right)=\left(x^5-x^5\right)+\left(7x^4+5x^4\right)-\left(9x^3+2x^3\right)+\left(-2x^2+4x^2\right)-\frac{1}{4}x-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(P\left(x\right)+Q\left(x\right)=12x^4-11x^3+2x^2-\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(P\left(x\right)-Q\left(x\right)=\left(x^5+7x^4-9x^3-2x^2-\frac{1}{4}x\right)-\left(-x^5+5x^4-2x^3+4x^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(P\left(x\right)-Q\left(x\right)=x^5+7x^4-9x^3-2x^2-\frac{1}{4}x+x^5-5x^4+2x^3-4x^2+\frac{1}{4}\)
\(P\left(x\right)-Q\left(x\right)=\left(x^5+x^5\right)+\left(7x^4-5x^4\right)+\left(-9x^3+2x^3\right)-\left(2x^2+4x^2\right)-\frac{1}{4}x+\frac{1}{4}\)
\(P\left(x\right)-Q\left(x\right)=2x^5+2x^4-7x^3-6x^2-\frac{1}{4}x+\frac{1}{4}\)
c) \(P\left(x\right)=x^5+7x^4-9x^3-2x^2-\frac{1}{4}x\)
\(P\left(0\right)=0^5+7\cdot0^4-9\cdot0^3-2\cdot0^2-\frac{1}{4}\cdot0\)
\(P\left(0\right)=0\)
\(Q\left(x\right)=-x^5+5x^4-2x^3+4x^2-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(Q\left(0\right)=0^5+5\cdot0^4-2\cdot0^3+4\cdot0^2-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(Q\left(0\right)=-\frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy \(x=0\) là nghiệm của đa thức P(x) nhưng không là nghiệm của đa thức Q(x)
a) \(A\left(x\right)=-4x^5-x^3+4x^2+5x+7+4x^5-6x^2\)
\(=\left(-4x^5+4x^5\right)+\left(-x^3\right)+\left(4x^2-6x^2\right)+5x+7\)
\(=\left(-x^3\right)+\left(-2x^2\right)+5x+7\)
\(B\left(x\right)=-3x^4-4x^3+10x^2-8x+5x^3-7-8x\)
\(=-3x^4+\left(-4x^3+5x^3\right)+10x^2+\left[-8x+\left(-8x\right)\right]+\left(-7\right)\)
\(=-3x^4+x^3+10x^2+\left(-16x\right)+\left(-7\right)\)
b) \(A\left(x\right)=\left(-x^3\right)+\left(-2x^2\right)+5x+7\)
\(B\left(x\right)=x^3+10x^2+\left(-16x\right)+\left(-7\right)+\left(-3x^4\right)\)
\(P\left(x\right)=A\left(x\right)+B\left(x\right)=8x^2+\left(-11x\right)+\left(-3x^4\right)\)
\(Q\left(x\right)=A\left(x\right)-B\left(x\right)=\left(-2x^3\right)+\left(-12x^2\right)+21x+14\)
c) Đặt \(P\left(x\right)=8x^2+\left(-11x\right)+\left(-3x^4\right)=0\)
Thay x=-1 vào đa thức trên, ta có: \(8.\left(-1\right)^2+\left[-11.\left(-1\right)\right]+\left[-3.\left(-1\right)^4\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow8+11+\left(-3\right)=0\Rightarrow16=0\)(vô lí)
Vậy -1 không là nghiệm của đa thức P(x)
P(x)=-5x^3-1/3+8x^4+x^2
Q(x)=x^4-2x^3+x^2-5x-2/3
P(x)+Q(x)
=x^4-2x^3+x^2-5x-2/3+8x^4-5x^3+x^2-1/3
=9x^4-7x^3+2x^2-5x-1
P(x)-Q(x)
=x^4-2x^3+x^2-5x-2/3-8x^4+5x^3-x^2+1/3
=-7x^4+3x^3-5x-1/3
giải pt sau
g) 11+8x-3=5x-3+x
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 8x + 8 = 6x - 3
<=> 8x-6x = -3 - 8
<=> 2x = -11
=> x=-\(\dfrac{11}{2}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của PT là : S={\(-\dfrac{11}{2}\)}
h)4-2x+15=9x+4-2x
<=> 19 - 2x = 7x + 4
<=> -2x - 7x = 4 - 19
<=> -9x = -15
=> x=\(\dfrac{15}{9}=\dfrac{5}{3}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của pt là : S={\(\dfrac{5}{3}\)}
g)\(\dfrac{3x+2}{2}-\dfrac{3x+1}{6}=\dfrac{5}{3}+2x\)
<=> \(\dfrac{3\left(3x+2\right)}{6}-\dfrac{3x+1}{6}=\dfrac{5.2+6.2x}{6}\)
<=> 9x + 6 - 3x + 1 = 10 + 12x
<=> 6x + 7 = 10 + 12x
<=> 6x -12x = 10-7
<=> -6x = 3
=> x= \(-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của PT là : S={\(-\dfrac{1}{2}\)}
\(h,\dfrac{x+4}{5}-x+4=\dfrac{4x+2}{5}-5\)
<=> \(\dfrac{x+4-5\left(x+4\right)}{5}=\dfrac{4x+2-5.5}{5}\)
<=> x + 4 - 5x - 20 = 4x + 2 - 25
<=> x - 5x - 4x = 2-25-4+20
<=> -8x = -7
=> x= \(\dfrac{7}{8}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của PT là S={\(\dfrac{7}{8}\)}
\(i,\dfrac{4x+3}{5}-\dfrac{6x-2}{7}=\dfrac{5x+4}{3}+3\)
<=> \(\dfrac{21\left(4x+3\right)}{105}\)-\(\dfrac{15\left(6x-2\right)}{105}\)=\(\dfrac{35\left(5x+4\right)+3.105}{105}\)
<=> 84x + 63 - 90x + 30 = 175x + 140 + 315
<=> 84x - 90x - 175x = 140 + 315 - 63 - 30
<=> -181x = 362
=> x = -2
Vậy tập nghiệm của PT là : S={-2}
K) \(\dfrac{5x+2}{6}-\dfrac{8x-1}{3}=\dfrac{4x+2}{5}-5\)
<=> \(\dfrac{5\left(5x+2\right)}{30}-\dfrac{10\left(8x-1\right)}{30}=\dfrac{6\left(4x+2\right)-150}{30}\)
<=> 25x + 10 - 80x - 10 = 24x + 12 - 150
<=> -55x = 24x - 138
<=> -55x - 24x = -138
=> -79x = -138
=> x=\(\dfrac{138}{79}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của PT là S={\(\dfrac{138}{79}\)}
m) \(\dfrac{2x-1}{5}-\dfrac{x-2}{3}=\dfrac{x+7}{15}\)
<=> \(\dfrac{3\left(2x-1\right)-5\left(x-2\right)}{15}=\dfrac{x+7}{15}\)
<=> 6x - 3 - 5x + 10 = x+7
<=> x + 7 = x+7
<=> 0x = 0
=> PT vô nghiệm
Vậy S=\(\varnothing\)
n)\(\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+3\right)=3-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+1\right)-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(x+2\right)\)
<=> \(\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{3}{4}=3-\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}x-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
<=> \(\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{3}x=3-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
<=> \(\dfrac{13}{12}x=\dfrac{13}{12}\)
=> x= 1
Vậy S={1}
p) \(\dfrac{x}{3}-\dfrac{2x+1}{6}=\dfrac{x}{6}-6\)
<=> \(\dfrac{2x-2x+1}{6}=\dfrac{x-36}{6}\)
<=> 2x -2x + 1= x-36
<=> 2x-2x-x = -37
=> x = 37
Vậy S={37}
q) \(\dfrac{2+x}{5}-0,5x=\dfrac{1-2x}{4}+0,25\)
<=> \(\dfrac{4\left(2+x\right)-20.0,5x}{20}=\dfrac{5\left(1-2x\right)+20.0,25}{20}\)
<=> 8 + 4x - 10x = 5 - 10x + 5
<=> 4x-10x + 10x = 5+5-8
<=> 4x = 2
=> x= \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy S={\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)}
g) \(11+8x-3=5x-3+x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8+8x=6x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8x-6x=-3-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{11}{2}\)
h, \(4-2x+15=9x+4-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x-9x+2x=4-4-15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-9x=-15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-15}{-9}=\dfrac{5}{3}\)
a) Ta có:
\(P\left(x\right)=5x^3+2x^4-x^2+3x^2-3x^3-x^4+1-4x^3\)
\(\Rightarrow P\left(x\right)=2x^4-x^4+5x^3-3x^3-4x^3-x^2+3x^2+1\)
\(\Rightarrow P\left(x\right)=x^4-2x^3+2x^2+1\)
\(P\left(x\right)+Q\left(x\right)=\left(-5x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}+8x^4+x^2\right)+\left(x^2-5x-2x^3+x^4-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\)
\(=-5x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}+8x^4+x^2+x^2-5x-2x^3+x^4-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(=-5x+\left(x^2+x^2\right)+\left(-5x^3-2x^3\right)+\left(8x^4+x^4\right)+\left(-\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\)
\(=-5x+2x^2-7x^3+9x^4-1\)
\(P\left(x\right)-Q\left(x\right)=\left(-5x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}+8x^4+x^2\right)-\left(x^2-5x-2x^3+x^4-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\)
\(=-5x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}+8x^4+x^2-x^2+5x+2x^3-x^4+\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(=5x+\left(x^2-x^2\right)+\left(-5x^3+2x^3\right)+\left(8x^4-x^4\right)+\left(-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\)
\(=5x-3x^3+7x^4+\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Ta có: \(P\left(x\right)+Q\left(x\right)=\left(-5x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}+8x^4+x^2\right)+\left(x^2-5x-2x^3+x^4-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\)
\(=-5x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}+8x^4+x^2+x^2-5x-2x^3+x^4-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(=\left(-5x^3-2x^3\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)+\left(8x^4+x^4\right)+\left(x^2+x^2\right)-5x\)
\(=-7x^3+9x^4+2x^2-5x-1\)
Lại có: \(P\left(x\right)-Q\left(x\right)=\left(-5x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}+8x^4+x^2\right)-\left(x^2-5x-2x^3+x^4-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\)
\(=-5x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}+8x^4+x^2-x^2+5x+2x^3-x^4+\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(=\left(-5x^3+2x^3\right)+\left(8x^4-x^4\right)+\left(x^2-x^2\right)+5x-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\)
\(=-3x^3+7x^4+5x+\dfrac{1}{3}\)