Cho B=\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+\dfrac{1}{8^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2006^2}\). Chứng minh : B<\(\dfrac{334}{2007}\)
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vì: \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}< \dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{6^2}< \dfrac{1}{4}\)
........
\(\dfrac{1}{2020^2}< \dfrac{1}{4}\)
=> \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+.......+\dfrac{1}{2020^2}< \dfrac{1}{4}\)
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a)Ta có:\(\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{b+1}=\dfrac{b+1-b}{b\left(b+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{b^2+b}< \dfrac{1}{b^2}\)(do b>1)
\(\dfrac{1}{b-1}-\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{b-b+1}{\left(b-1\right)b}=\dfrac{1}{b^2-b}>\dfrac{1}{b^2}\)(do b>1)
b)Áp dụng từ câu a
=>\(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}< \dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}< \dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
.........................
\(\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}< \dfrac{1}{9^2}< \dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{9}\)
=>\(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}< S< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{9}\)
=>\(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{10}< S< 1-\dfrac{1}{9}\)
=>\(\dfrac{2}{5}< S< \dfrac{8}{9}\)(đpcm)
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Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2\cdot2}< \dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3\cdot3}< \dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4\cdot4}< \dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}\)
...
\(\dfrac{1}{9^2}=\dfrac{1}{9\cdot9}< \dfrac{1}{8\cdot9}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{10^2}=\dfrac{1}{10\cdot10}< \dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{10^2}< \dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{9}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1\) (vì: \(\dfrac{9}{10}< 1\))
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b.ta chia B thành 10 nhóm mỗi nhóm có 6 hạng tử \(B=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+....+\left(2^{55}+2^{56}+2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(B\text{=}2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+...+2^{55}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)\)
\(B\text{=}2.63+...+2^{56}.63\)
\(\Rightarrow B⋮63\)
\(\Rightarrow B⋮21\)
=>B=\(\dfrac{1}{4.4}+\dfrac{1}{6.6}+\dfrac{1}{8.8}+...+\dfrac{1}{2006.2006}\)
=>B<\(\dfrac{1}{3.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.7}+\dfrac{1}{7.9}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005.2007}\)
=>B<\(\dfrac{2}{2}.\left(\dfrac{1}{3.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.7}+\dfrac{1}{7.9}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005.2007}\right)\)
=>B<\(\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{2}{3.5}+\dfrac{2}{5.7}+\dfrac{2}{7.9}+...+\dfrac{2}{2005.2007}\right)\)
=>B<\(\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005}-\dfrac{1}{2007}\right)\)
=>B<\(\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005}-\dfrac{1}{2005}-\dfrac{1}{200}\right)\)(xin lỗi, đoạn cuối (chỗ 200 í )là 2007 nhá
=>B<\(\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2007}\right)\)
=>B<\(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{668}{2007}\)
=>B<\(\dfrac{1.668}{2.2007}\)
=>B<\(\dfrac{1.668:2}{2.2007:2}\)
=>B<\(\dfrac{334}{2007}\)
Tick cho tôi nha :D