Cho x,y,z khác 0 thỏa mãn x + y + z = 0. Tính \(A=\frac{18\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
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\(A=\frac{x^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\frac{y^2}{\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\frac{z^2}{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}-\frac{y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\frac{z^2}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2\left(y-z\right)-y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(x^2\left(y-z\right)-y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=x^2y-x^2z-xy^2+y^2z+z^2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left[xy-zx-zy+z^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left[x\left(y-z\right)-z\left(y-z\right)\right]=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
Vậy A = 1
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Ta có:\(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=\frac{x+y+z}{a+b+c}\)
Ta có:\(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=\frac{xa^2}{a^3}=\frac{yb^2}{b^3}=\frac{zc^2}{c^3}=\frac{a^2x+b^2y+c^2z}{a^3+b^3+c^3}\)
Ta có\(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}=\frac{y^2}{b^2}=\frac{z^2}{c^2}=\frac{x^3}{a^2x}=\frac{y^3}{b^2y}=\frac{z^3}{c^2z}=\frac{x^3+y^3+z^3}{a^2x+b^2y+c^2z}\)
\(A=\frac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(a^2x+b^2y+c^2z\right)^2}=\frac{x^3+y^3+z^3}{a^2x+b^2y+c^2z}\cdot\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{a^2x+b^2y+c^2z}\cdot\frac{a+b+c}{x+y+z}\)
\(=\frac{x^2}{a^2}\cdot\frac{a}{x}\cdot\frac{a}{x}\)=1
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áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:\(\frac{ }{ }\)
y+z-x/x=z+x-y/y=x+y-z/z
=y+z-x+z+x-y+x+y-z/x+y+z
=(y-y)+(z-z)-(x-x)+z+x+y/x+y+z
=0+0+0+x+y+z/x+y+z=1
\(\Leftrightarrow\)x=y=z (*)
thay (*) vào B ta có:
B=(1+x/x)(1+x/x)(1+x/x)
=2.2.2=8
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(...=\frac{y+z-x+z+x-y+x+y-z}{x+y+z}=\frac{x+y+z}{x+y+z}=1\)( vì x + y + z \(\ne\)0 )
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{y+z-x}{x}=1\\\frac{z+x-y}{y}=1\\\frac{x+y-z}{z}=1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y+z-x=x\\z+x-y=y\\x+y-z=z\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y+z=2x\\z+x=2y\\x+y=2z\end{cases}}\Rightarrow x=y=z\)
Thế x = y = z vào B ta được :
\(B=\left(1+\frac{y}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{x}{x}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{z}\right)=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=2\cdot2\cdot2=8\)
x + y + z = 0
<=> (x + y + z)^2 = 0
<=> x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + 2(xy + yz + xz) = 0
<=> x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = -2(xy + yz + xz)
\(A=\frac{18\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{x^2+y^2-2xy+y^2+z^2-2yz+z^2+x^2-2zx}\)
\(A=\frac{18\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{18\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=6\)