Cho sin 2a = - và
< a < π.
Tính sina và cosa.
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a.
\(tana=\dfrac{sina}{cosa}=\dfrac{1}{15}\Rightarrow sina=\dfrac{cosa}{15}\)
\(\Rightarrow sin2a=2sina.cosa=\dfrac{2cosa}{15}.cosa=\dfrac{2}{15}cos^2a=\dfrac{2}{15}.\dfrac{1}{1+tan^2a}=\dfrac{2}{15}.\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{1}{15^2}}=\dfrac{15}{113}\)
b.
\(5^2=\left(3sina+4cosa\right)^2\le\left(3^2+4^2\right)\left(sin^2+cos^2a\right)=25\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{sina}{3}=\dfrac{cosa}{4}\\3sina+4cosa=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sina=\dfrac{3}{5}\\cosa=\dfrac{4}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c.
\(\dfrac{1}{tan^2a}+\dfrac{1}{cot^2a}+\dfrac{1}{sin^2a}+\dfrac{1}{cos^2a}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{cos^2a}{sin^2a}+\dfrac{sin^2a}{cos^2a}+\dfrac{1}{sin^2a}+\dfrac{1}{cos^2a}=7\)
\(\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{sin^4a+cos^4a}{sin^2a.cos^2a}+\dfrac{sin^2a+cos^2a}{sin^2a.cos^2a}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(sin^2a+cos^2a\right)^2-2sin^2a.cos^2a}{sin^2a.cos^2a}+\dfrac{1}{sin^2a.cos^2a}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{sin^2a.cos^2a}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{\left(2sina.cosa\right)^2}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{sin^22a}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin^22a=\dfrac{8}{9}\)
a) Vì \(\frac{\pi }{2} < a < \pi \) nên \(\cos a < 0\)
Ta có: \({\sin ^2}a + {\cos ^2}a = 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{9} + {\cos ^2}a = 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow {\cos ^2}a = 1 - \frac{1}{9}= \frac{8}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \cos a =\pm\sqrt { \frac{8}{9}} = \pm \frac{{2\sqrt 2 }}{3}\)
Vì \(\cos a < 0\) nên \(cos a =-\frac{{2\sqrt 2 }}{3}\)
Suy ra \(\tan a = \frac{{\sin a}}{{\cos a}} = \frac{{\frac{1}{3}}}{{ - \frac{{2\sqrt 2 }}{3}}} = - \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\sin 2a = 2\sin a\cos a = 2.\frac{1}{3}.\left( { - \frac{{2\sqrt 2 }}{3}} \right) = - \frac{{4\sqrt 2 }}{9}\)
\(\cos 2a = 1 - 2{\sin ^2}a = 1 - \frac{2}{9} = \frac{7}{9}\)
\(\tan 2a = \frac{{2\tan a}}{{1 - {{\tan }^2}a}} = \frac{{2.\left( { - \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{4}} \right)}}{{1 - {{\left( { - \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{4}} \right)}^2}}} = - \frac{{4\sqrt 2 }}{7}\)
b) Vì \(\frac{\pi }{2} < a < \frac{{3\pi }}{4}\) nên \(\sin a > 0,\cos a < 0\)
\({\left( {\sin a + \cos a} \right)^2} = {\sin ^2}a + {\cos ^2}a + 2\sin a\cos a = 1 + 2\sin a\cos a = \frac{1}{4}\)
Suy ra \(\sin 2a = 2\sin a\cos a = \frac{1}{4} - 1 = - \frac{3}{4}\)
Ta có: \({\sin ^2}a + {\cos ^2}a = 1\;\)
\( \Leftrightarrow \left( {\frac{1}{2} - {\cos }a} \right)^2 + {\cos ^2}a - 1 = 0\)
\( \Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{4} - \cos a + {\cos ^2}a + {\cos ^2}a - 1 = 0\)
\( \Leftrightarrow 2{\cos ^2}a - \cos a - \frac{3}{4} = 0\)
\( \Rightarrow \cos a = \frac{{1 - \sqrt 7 }}{4}\) (Vì \(\cos a < 0)\)
\(\cos 2a = 2{\cos ^2}a - 1 = 2.{\left( {\frac{{1 - \sqrt 7 }}{4}} \right)^2} - 1 = - \frac{{\sqrt 7 }}{4}\)
\(\tan 2a = \frac{{\sin 2a}}{{\cos 2a}} = \frac{{ - \frac{3}{4}}}{{ - \frac{{\sqrt 7 }}{4}}} = \frac{{3\sqrt 7 }}{7}\)
\(sin^2a+cos^2a-sin^4a-2cos^2a+sin^2a\)
\(=2sin^2a-cos^2a-sin^4a\)
\(=2sin^2a-cos^2a-\left(\frac{1-cos2a}{2}\right)^2\)
khai triển ra rồi quy đồng lên
\(=\frac{8sin^2a-4cos^2a-1+2cos2a-cos^22a}{4}\)
Mà \(2cos2a=2\left(cos^2a-1\right)=4cos^2-2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{8sin^2a-cos^22a-3}{4}\)
Mà \(-cos^22a=sin^22a-1=4sin^2cos^2-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{8sin^2a+4sin^2a.cos^2a-4}{4}\)
\(=\frac{4sin^2a.\left(2-cos^2a\right)-4}{4}\)
\(=sin^2a\left(1+sin^2a\right)-1\)
\(=sin^4a-cos^2a\)
\(\sin a + \cos a = 1 \Rightarrow {\left( {\sin a + \cos a} \right)^2} = 1 \)
\(\Leftrightarrow {\sin ^2}a + {\cos ^2} + 2\sin a\cos a = 1 \Leftrightarrow 1 + \sin 2a = 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sin 2a = 0\)
cos2a =
= ±
Nếu cos2a =
thì
sina =![This is the rendered form of the equation. You can not edit this directly. Right click will give you the option to save the image, and in most browsers you can drag the image onto your desktop or another program.](http://img.loigiaihay.com/picture/article/2015/0112/bai-6-trang-154-sgk-dai-so-10_7_1421038526.jpg)
=![This is the rendered form of the equation. You can not edit this directly. Right click will give you the option to save the image, and in most browsers you can drag the image onto your desktop or another program.](http://img.loigiaihay.com/picture/article/2015/0112/bai-6-trang-154-sgk-dai-so-10_8_1421038526.jpg)
cosa = -![This is the rendered form of the equation. You can not edit this directly. Right click will give you the option to save the image, and in most browsers you can drag the image onto your desktop or another program.](http://img.loigiaihay.com/picture/article/2015/0112/bai-6-trang-154-sgk-dai-so-10_9_1421038526.jpg)
Nếu cos2a = -
thì
sina =![This is the rendered form of the equation. You can not edit this directly. Right click will give you the option to save the image, and in most browsers you can drag the image onto your desktop or another program.](http://img.loigiaihay.com/picture/article/2015/0112/bai-6-trang-154-sgk-dai-so-10_11_1421038526.jpg)
cosa = -
![This is the rendered form of the equation. You can not edit this directly. Right click will give you the option to save the image, and in most browsers you can drag the image onto your desktop or another program.](http://img.loigiaihay.com/picture/article/2015/0112/bai-6-trang-154-sgk-dai-so-10_13_1421038526.jpg)