Cho S = 1/2 +1/22 +1/23 +.......+1/22018 . Chứng minh S<1
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\(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{2018}\)
\(2A=2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2019}\)
\(A=2A-A=1-2^{2019}\)
\(B-A=2^{2019}-\left(1-2^{2019}\right)\)
\(B-A=2^{2019}-1+2^{2019}\)
\(B-A=1\)
`#3107`
\(A=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2018}\) và \(B=2^{2019}\)
Ta có:
\(A=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2018}\)
\(2A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2019}\)
\(2A-A=\left(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2019}\right)-\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2018}\right)\)
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2019}-1-2-2^2-2^3-...-2^{2018}\)
\(A=2^{2019}-1\)
Vậy, \(A=2^{2019}-1\)
Ta có:
\(B-A=2^{2019}-2^{2019}+1=1\)
Vậy, `B - A = 1.`
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Giải
Đặt A=1/21+1/22+1/23+1/24+...+1/80
Ta có:
A=(1/21+1/22+...+1/40)+(1/41+...+1/80)
→A>(1/40+1/40+...+1/40)+(1/80+..+1/80)
→A>20/40+40/80
→A>1/2+1/2
→A>1 (1)
Lại có:
A=(1/21+1/22+...+1/40)+(1/41+...+1/80)
→A<(1/20+1/20+...+1/20)+(1/40+...+1/40)
→A<20/20+40/40
→A<2 (2)
Từ (1),(2)→1<A<2
→A không là số tự nhiên
Đặt A=1/21+1/22+1/23+1/24+...+1/80
Ta có:
A=(1/21+1/22+...+1/40)+(1/41+...+1/80)
→A>(1/40+1/40+...+1/40)+(1/80+..+1/80)
→A>20/40+40/80
→A>1/2+1/2
→A>1 (1)
Lại có:
A=(1/21+1/22+...+1/40)+(1/41+...+1/80)
→A<(1/20+1/20+...+1/20)+(1/40+...+1/40)
→A<20/20+40/40
→A<2 (2)
Từ (1),(2)→1<A<2
→A không là số tự nhiên
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(S=1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2011}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^3\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{2009}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=7+2^3.7+...+2^{2009}.7\)
\(\Rightarrow S=7\left(1+2^3+...+2^{2009}\right)⋮7\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(S=\left(1+2\right)+...+2^6\left(1+2\right)=3\left(1+...+2^6\right)⋮3\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
s=[1+2]+[2+2 mũ 2]+...+[2 mũ 6+2 mũ 7]
s=1 nhân [1+2]+2 nhân [1+2]+...+2 mũ 6 nhân [1+2]
s=[1+2] nhân[1+2+...+2 mũ 6
s=3 nhân [1+2+...+2 mũ 6]
=> s chia hết cho 3
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(S=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{59}\)
\(S=\left(1+2\right)+\left(2^2+2^3\right)+...+\left(2^{58}+2^{59}\right)\)
\(S=3+2^2\cdot3+...+2^{58}\cdot3\)
\(S=3\cdot\left(1+2^2+...+2^{58}\right)\)
S chia hết cho 3
_____
\(S=1+2+2^2+...+2^{59}\)
\(S=\left(1+2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+...+\left(2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}\right)\)
\(S=7+7\cdot2^3+...+7\cdot2^{57}\)
\(S=7\cdot\left(1+2^3+...+2^{57}\right)\)
S chia hết cho 7
_____
\(S=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{59}\)
\(S=\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6+2^7\right)+...+\left(2^{56}+2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}\right)\)
\(S=15+2^4\cdot15+...+2^{56}\cdot15\)
\(S=15\cdot\left(1+2^4+...+2^{56}\right)\)
S chia hết cho 15
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2018}}\)
\(2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2017}}\)
\(2A-A=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2017}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2018}}\right)\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2^{2018}}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
hok tốt .
xin lỗi nha , mk ko thấy S bạn thay A => S là đc
bạn thông cảm ,