Ngâm 1 lá đồng vào 300g dung dịch AgNO3 5% .a) tính kg đồng và khối lượng của bạc bị đẩy ra.b) tính C% của dung dịch sau phản ứng
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{300.5\%}{170}=\dfrac{3}{34}\left(mol\right)\)
\(Cu+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2Ag\)
Ta có : \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{3}{68}\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{68}.64=2,82\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Ag}=n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{3}{34}\left(mol\right)\)
=>\(m_{Ag}=\dfrac{3}{34}.108=9,53\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsaupu}=2,82+300-9,53=293,29\left(g\right)\)
Ta có : \(n_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{3}{68}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{68}.188}{293,29}.100=2,83\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\Delta_m=2,28\left(g\right)=m_{Ag}-m_{Cu\text{ p/ứ}}\left(1\right)\\ PTHH:Cu+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2Ag\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cu}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{AgNO_3}\left(2\right)\\ \left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow108n_{AgNO_3}-\dfrac{1}{2}n_{AgNO_3}\cdot64=2,28\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{AgNO_3}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ m_{dd_{AgNO_3}}=1,14\cdot60=68,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{Cu}=n_{CuNO_3}=0,015\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CT_{CuNO_3}}=0,015\cdot188=2,82\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0015\cdot64=0,96\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ n_{Ag}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Ag}=0,03\cdot108=3,24\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd_{CuNO_3}}=0,96+68,4-3,24=66,12\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{CuNO_3}=\dfrac{2,82}{66,12}\cdot100\%\approx4,26\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
PT: \(Cu+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2Ag\)
a, m AgNO3 (pư) = 250.17%.6% = 2,55 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{AgNO_3\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{2,55}{170}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: nCu (pư) = 1/2nAgNO3 = 0,0075 (mol)
nAg = nAgNO3 = 0,015 (mol)
⇒ m vật lấy ra = 50 - mCu (pư) - mAg = 51,14 (g)
b, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 0,0075.64 + 250 - 0,015.108 = 248,86 (g)
Theo PT: nCu(NO3)2 = 1/2nAgNO3 = 0,0075 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,0075.188}{248,86}.100\%\approx0,57\%\)
\(C\%_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{250.6\%-2,55}{248,86}.100\%\approx5\%\)
PTHH: \(Cu+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2Ag\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{300\cdot5\%}{170}=\dfrac{3}{34}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ag}=\dfrac{3}{34}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{68}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ag}=\dfrac{3}{34}\cdot108\approx9,53\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{68}\cdot64\approx2,82\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Coi như p/ứ vừa đủ
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{68}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{3}{68}\cdot188\approx8,29\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{Cu}+m_{ddAgNO_3}-m_{Ag}=293,29\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{8,29}{293,29}\cdot100\%\approx3,46\%\)
Anh ơi làm sao để ra 3/34 và 3/68 vậy ạ