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a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,1<----------------------------0,15
=> \(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{7,5}.100\%=36\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-36\%=64\%\)
b) \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{7,5-0,1.27}{64}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Cu + 2H2SO4 --> CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
0,075------------------------>0,075
2Al + 6H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O
0,1----------------------------->0,15
=> VSO2 = (0,075 + 0,15).22,4 = 5,04 (l)
\(n_{Cu}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_X=64a+56b=16.2\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn e :
\(2a+3b=0.4\cdot2=0.8\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.0475,b=0.235\)
\(\%Cu=\dfrac{0.0475\cdot64}{16.2}\cdot100\%=18.76\%\)
\(\%Fe=81.24\%\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{0.0475}{0.235}=\dfrac{19}{94}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu}=19x\left(mol\right),n_{Fe}=94x\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_X=19x\cdot64+94x\cdot56=22\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{11}{3240}\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11}{3240}\cdot94=\dfrac{517}{1620}\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=7.15\left(l\right)\)
`2Fe + 6H_2 SO_[4(đ,n)] -> Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3SO_2 \uparrow + 6H_2 O`
`0,05` `0,15` `0,025` `(mol)`
`Cu + 2H_2 SO_[4(đ,n)] -> CuSO_4 + SO_2 \uparrow + 2H_2 O`
`0,225` `0,45` `0,225` `(mol)`
`n_[SO_2]=[6,72]/[22,4]=0,3(mol)`
Gọi `n_[Fe]=x` ; `n_[Cu]=y`
`=>` $\begin{cases} \dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,3\\56x+64y=17,2 \end{cases}$
`<=>` $\begin{cases}x=0,05\\y=0,225 \end{cases}$
`@m_[Fe_2(SO_4)_3]=0,025.400=10(g)`
`@m_[CuSO_4]=0,225.160=36(g)`
`@m_[dd H_2 SO_4]=[(0,15+0,45).98]/80 .100=73,5(g)`
Sửa đề: 80% ---> 98% (80% chưa đặc nên không giải phóng SO2 được)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow56a+64b=17,2\left(1\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Fe+6H_2SO_{4\left(đặc,nóng\right)}\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2\uparrow+6H_2O\)
a------>3a------------------->0,5a--------------->1,5a
\(Cu+2H_2SO_{4\left(đặc,nóng\right)}\rightarrow CuSO_4+SO_2\uparrow+2H_2O\)
b----->2b------------------->b------------->b
\(\rightarrow1,5a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\b=0,225\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,5.0,05.400=10\left(g\right)\\m_{CuSO_4}=0,225.160=36\left(g\right)\\m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0,05.3+0,225.2\right).98}{98\%}=60\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi số mol Cu, Fe là a, b (mol)
=> 64a + 56b = 17,6 (1)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Fe + 6H2SO4 --> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O
b-------------------------------->1,5b
Cu + 2H2SO4 --> CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
a--------------------------->a
=> a + 1,5b = 0,4 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,2 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,1.64}{17,6}.100\%=36,36\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{17,6}.100\%=63,64\%\end{matrix}\right.\)