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PT: \(2ZnS+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2ZnO+2SO_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{ZnS}=\dfrac{19,4}{97}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,4}{3}\), ta được O2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=n_{ZnS}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(n_{ZnS} = \dfrac{19,4}{97} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(mol)\\ 2ZnS + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2ZnO + 2SO_2\\ \dfrac{n_{Zn}}{2} = 0,1 < \dfrac{n_{O_2}}{3} = 0,133\)
Do đó, oxi dư
\(n_{SO_2} = n_{ZnS} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{SO_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)\)
\(a,PTHH:2ZnS+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^O}2ZnO+2SO_2\)
\(n_{ZnS}=\dfrac{19,4}{97}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\
n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(pthh:2ZnS+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^O}2ZnO+2SO_2\)
LTL:\(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,4}{3}\)
=> O2 dư
theo pthh: \(n_{SO_2}=n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_A=m_{ZnO}=0,2.81=16,2\left(g\right)\)
Khí B gồm 1 nguyên tử S và 2 nguyên tử O
dB/kk = \(\dfrac{64}{29}\)
\(m_{CH_4}=0,3.16=4,8(g)\)
Bảo toàn KL: \(m_{CH_4}+m_{O_2}=m_{CO_2}+m_{H_2O}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=10,8+13,2-4,8=19,2(g)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2}=\dfrac{19,2}{32}.22,4=13,44(l)\\ \Rightarrow V_{kk}=13,44.5=67,2(l)\)
Zn+2HCl->Zncl2+H2
0,4----0,8----0,4----0,4
n Zn=0,4 mol
VH2=0,4.22,4=8,96l
m ZnCl2=0,4.136=54,4g
2H2+O2-to>2H2O
0,4------0,2----0,4
n O2=0,2 mol
=>pứ hết
=>m H2O=0,4.18=7,2g
a.b.\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,4 0,4 0,4 ( mol )
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,4.136=54,4g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96l\)
c.\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(2H_2+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2H_2O\)
0,4 = 0,2 ( mol )
0,4 0,2 0,4 ( mol )
\(m_{H_2O}=0,4.18=7,2g\)
nZn = 13 / 65 = 0,2 (mol)
Zn + 2HCl --- > ZnCl2 + H2
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
mZnCl2 = 0,2 . 136 = 27,2 (g)
VH2 = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48(l)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)
\(PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl+H_2\uparrow\)
\(1\) : \(2\) : \(1\) : \(1\) \(\left(mol\right)\)
\(0,2\) \(0,4\) \(0,2\) \(0,2\) \(\left(mol\right)\)
\(b,m_{ZnCl_2}=n.M=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
\(c,V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
16 nCO2=0,2mol
PTHH: 2CO+O2=>2CO2
0,2<--0,1<---0,2
=> mO2=0,2.32=6,4g
=> khối lượng Oxi phản ứng với H2 là :
9,6-6,4=3,2g
=> nH2O=3,2:32=0,1mol
PTHH: 2H+O2=>H2O
b)
0,2<-0,1<-0,2
=> mH2=2.0,2=0,4g
mCO =0,2.28=5,6g
=> m hh=5,6+0,4=6g
CuO+H2-to--->Cu+H2O
0,6----0,6
nCuO =48/80=0,6 (mol)
==>VH2 =0,6×22,4=13.44(l)
17.
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=200.19,6\%=39,2g\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{39,2}{98}=0,4mol\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,1 < 0,4 ( mol )
0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
Chất còn dư là H2SO4
\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,4-0,1\right).98=29,4g\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeSO_4}=0,1.152=15,2g\\m_{H_2}=0,1.2=0,2g\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{ddspứ}=5,6+200-0,1.2=205,4g\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{15,2}{205,4}.100=7,4\%\\C\%_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{205,4}.100=0,09\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{29,4}{205,4}.100=14,31\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2Cu+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CuO\\ n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{64}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\ V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{100.1,12}{20}=5,6\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{CuO}=0,1.80=8\left(g\right)\\ c,2R+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2RO\\ n_R=2.n_{O_2}=2.0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ M_R=\dfrac{2,4}{0,1}=24\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow R:Magie\left(Mg=24\right)\)
PTHH: \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
a) Ta có: \(n_P=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{P_2O_5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=0,05\cdot142=7,1\left(g\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{4}< \dfrac{0,25}{5}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Photpho p/ứ hết, Oxi còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,25-0,125=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,125\cdot32=4\left(g\right)\)
\(a) n_P = \dfrac{3,1}{31} = 0,1(mol)\\ 4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5\\ n_{P_2O_5} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_P = 0,05(mol)\\ m_{P_2O_5} = 0,05.142 = 7,1(gam)\\ b) n_{O_2} = \dfrac{5,6}{22,4} = 0,25(mol)\\ \dfrac{n_P}{4} = 0,025<\dfrac{n_{O_2}}{5} = 0,05 \to O_2\ dư\\ n_{O_2\ pư} = \dfrac{5}{4}n_P = 0,125(mol) \Rightarrow m_{O_2\ dư} = (0,25 - 0,125).32 = 4(gam)\)
nZnS=19,4/97=0,2mol
nO2=8,96/32=0,23mol
PTHH: 2ZnS + 3O2\(\dfrac{t^o}{ }>\) 2ZnO+2SO2
TheoPt: 2mol 3mol 2mol
Theo bài: 0,2mol 0,23mol
PỨ 0,153mol 0,23mol 0,153mol
Còn 0,047mol 0 0,153mol
Tỉ lệ\(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,23}{3}\)->Vậy O2 hết, ZnS dư, tính theoO2
VSO2=0,153.64=9,792l
PTHH: \(2ZnS+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2ZnO+2SO_2\uparrow\)
\(nZnS=\dfrac{19,4}{97}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(nO_2=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{n_{ZnS}}{2}:\dfrac{n_{O_2}}{3}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,4}{3}\Rightarrow ZnSpư\left(hết\right)\)
Theo PThh có: nSO2 = nZnS = 0,2 mol ⇒ mSO2 = 0,2.64 = 12,8(lít)