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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,3 0,6 0,3 0,3
\(FeCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3+2AgCl\)
0,3 0,6
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\\b=0,6.143,5=86,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=150.1,2=180\left(g\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{180}=12,17\%\\C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,15}=4M\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) $Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
Theo PTHH : n H2 = n Fe = 8,4/56 = 0,15(mol)
V H2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)
b) n HCl = 2n Fe = 0,3(mol)
=> CM HCl = 0,3/0,2 = 1,5M
c) $CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
Ta thấy :
n CuO = 32/80 = 0,4 > n H2 = 0,15 mol nên CuO dư
Theo PTHH : n Cu = n H2 = 0,15 mol
=> m Cu = 0,15.64 = 9,6 gam
a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
____0,1_____0,2______0,1_____0,1 (mol)
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\)
b, \(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ m chất rắn = mCuO (dư) + mCu = 0,05.80 + 0,1.64 = 10,4 (g)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4.8}{24}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.2.......0.4........................0.2\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.4}{0.2}=2\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Cu+H_2O\)
Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0.4}{1}>\dfrac{0.2}{1}\)
=> CuO dư
\(m_{cr}=m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}+m_{Cu}=32-0.2\cdot80+0.2\cdot64=28.8\left(g\right)\)
\(\%Cu=\dfrac{0.2\cdot64}{28.8}\cdot100\%=44.44\%\)
\(\%CuO\left(dư\right)=55.56\%\)
nMnO2=69,6/87=0,8 mol
MnO2 +4 HCl =>MnCl2 +Cl2 +2H2O
0,8 mol =>0,8 mol
khí X là Cl2
VCl2=0,8.22,4=17,92 lit
nNaOHbđ=0,5.4=2 mol
Cl2 +2NaOH =>NaCl +NaClO +H2O
0,8 mol=>1,6 mol=>0,8 mol=>0,8 mol
dư 0,4 mol
CM dd NaOH dư=0,4/0,5=0,8M
CM dd NaCl=CM dd NaClO=0,8/0,5=1,6M
0,8 mol
\(a) Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2\\ b) n_{HCl} = \dfrac{182,5.5\%}{36,5} = 0,25(mol)\\ n_{FeCl_2} = n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,125(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe} = 0,125.56 = 7(gam) ; V = 0,125.22,4 = 2,8(lít)\\ c) m_{dd\ sau\ phản\ ứng} = m_{Fe} + m_{dd\ HCl} - m_{H_2} = 7 + 182,5 - 0,125.2 = 189,25(gam)\\ C\%_{FeCl_2} = \dfrac{0,125.127}{189,25}.100\% = 8,39\%\)
\(a,n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
0,05---->0,1------>0,1
\(\rightarrow x=C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{200}.100\%=1,825\%\)
\(b,\) PTHH: \(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\)
0,05----->0,1-------->0,05----------->0,1
\(\rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,1.40}{10\%}=40\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{dd\left(sau.pư\right)}=40+200+4-0,05.98=239,1\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,1.58,5}{239,1}.100\%=2,45\%\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:CuO+HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
0,05 0,05 0,05 0,05
\(x=C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,05.36,5}{200}.100\%=0,9125\%\\
pthh:CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)