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UNIT 2: LIFE IN THE COUNTRYSIDE A. VOCABULARY AND PHONETICS brave /breɪv/ adj. can đảm syn. courageous n. bravery She passed away after a brave fight against cancer. bloom /bluːm/ v. nở hoa n. blossom Most roses begin to bloom from late May. collect /kəˈlekt/ v. thu gom, lấy syn. gather n. collection n. collector (person) We are collecting old bottles for our DIY project. convenient /kənˈviːniənt/ v. thuận tiện ant. inconvenient adv. conveniently n. convenience It is very convenient to go around the city by bus. disturb /dɪˈstɜːb/ v. làm phiền n. disturbance I'm sorry to disturb you, but can I talk to you for a moment? generous /ˈdʒenərəs/ v. hào phóng ant. mean adv. generously n. generosity It was generous of him to pay for the poor’s lunch yesterday. herd /hɜːd/ v. chăn dắt n. herder In the countryside, children learn to herd the cattle when they are small. nomadic /nəʊˈmædɪk/ adj. thuộc về du mục brave bloom collect convenient disturb generous herd nomadic opportunity safe n. nomad Nomadic life is hard because people have to move a lot. opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ n. cơ hội This is the perfect opportunity to make a new start. safe /seɪf/ adj. an toàn ant. unsafe n. safety The children are quite safe here. There are policemen to protect them. B. GRAMMAR DẠNG SO SÁNH CỦA TÍNH TỪ VÀ TRẠNG TỪ 1. Tính từ ngắn và trạng từ ngắn – Tính từ/ trạng từ chỉ có 1 âm tiết Adj/adv Comparative form (adj/ adv + “er”) Superlative form (the adj/ adv + “est”) clean (adj) cleaner the cleanest cold (adj) colder the coldest small (adj) smaller the smallest tall (adj) taller the tallest young (adj) younger the youngest fast (adj/adv) faster the fastest hard (adj/adv) harder the hardest Lưu ý: o Nếu tính từ hoặc trạng từ kết thúc bằng một phụ âm mà trước phụ âm đó là 1 (và chỉ 1) nguyên âm, khi tạo dạng so sánh hơn và dạng so sánh nhất, ta gấp đôi phụ âm cuối. E.g. wet → weƩer/ the weƩest big → bigger/ the biggest hot → hoƩer/ the hoƩest thin → thinner/ the thinnest o Nếu tính từ hoặc trạng từ kết thúc bằng “y”, ta chuyển “y” thành “i” rồi mới thêm “er” hoặc “est”. E.g. dry → drier/ the driesto Nếu tính từ hoặc trạng từ kết thúc bằng “e”, ta chỉ cần thêm “r” để tạo dạng so sánh hơn và “st” để tạo dạng so sánh nhất. E.g. nice → nicer/ the nicest large → larger/ the largest 2. Tính từ dài và trạng từ dài – Tính từ /trạng từ có 2 âm tiết trở lên adj/adv comparative form (more + adj) superlative form (the most + adj) beautiful (adj) more beautiful the most beautiful boring (adj) more boring the most boring expensive (adj) more expensive the most expensive quickly (adv) more quickly the most quickly confidently (adv) more confidently the most confidently Lưu ý: o Tính từ dài kết thúc bằng “y” thường biến đối giống tính từ ngắn khi chuyển sang dạng so sánh hơn và so sánh nhất. (Trường hợp này KHÔNG áp dụng với trạng từ.) E.g. dirty → dirƟer/ the dirƟest pretty → preƫer/ the preƫest happy → happier/ the happiest ugly → uglier/ the ugliest o Một số tính từ dài đặc biệt, có thể biến đổi giống tính từ ngắn khi chuyển sang dạng so sánh hơn và so sánh nhất. E.g. clever → cleverer/ the cleverest simple → simpler/ the simplest narrow → narrower/ the narrowest quiet → quieter/ the quietest 3. Một số tính từ/ trạng từ bất quy tắc E.g. good/ well → beƩer/ the best bad/ badly → worse/ the worst a little/ little → less/ the least much/ many → more/ the most far → further/ the furthest C. EXERCISE Exercise 1: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the other three in each question. 1. A. adore B. addict C. bracelet D. leisure 2. A. event B. weird C. netlingo D. detest 3. A. virtual B. unique C. steal D. waterwheel Exercise 2: Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the other three in each question. 4. A. speciality B. activity C. satisfactory D. creativity 5. A. Internet B. cultural C. socialise D. communicate Exercise 3: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence below. 6. Collecting honey from __________ requires a lot of skills. A. beehives B. beenests C. beehouses D. beehomes 7. We are very sorry for any __________ caused by our late delivery. A. convenient B. convenience C. inconvenient D. inconvenience 8. In some rural areas, it’s difficult to find __________ in a house. A. electrify appliances B. electrical appliances C. electricity appliances D. electrician appliances 9. The villagers’ __________ saved the travellers from starving. A. generosity B. generousity C. generosy D. generousness 10. Do not __________! They are doing a very important project. A. disturb B. annoy C. play D. make fun 11. People living a __________ life have to move a lot. A. moving B. stable C. nomadic D. commuting 12. __________ fruits on a farm is one of the most popular part-time jobs among students studying abroad. A. Picking B. Doing C. Making D. Finding 13. Children in the countryside are used to __________ cattle in the field. A. walking B. herding C. following D. rising 14. A/An ___________ area of that forest – about more than 1,000 hectares – was destroyed in the fire. A. vast B. tiny C. small D. inconsiderable 15. __________ kites is one of the most popular outdoor activities among children in the countryside. A. Doing B. Singing C. Flying D. Using Choose the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the part in each of the following sentences. 16. It is easy to get on well with neighbours in the countryside. People are all friendly and willing to help each other. A. to work together with B. to be a helpful friend of C. to have a friendly relationship with D. to exchange goods with 17. The baby is sleeping sound in her mother’s arms. A. deeply and peacefully B. easily to wake up C. sensibly D. safely 18. People in this village are all skilful craftsmen. Their products are qualified for the European market. A. competent B. amateur C. intelligent D. fast Choose the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following sentences. 19. It was generous of him to offer to pay for us both. A. kind B. mean C. brave D. skilful 20. The King was not brave enough to protect his kingdom and let the monster take the Princess away. A. courageous B. confident C. strong D. coward Exercise 4: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence below. 21. Sunny sings the song __________ than Jessie does. A. the most beautifully B. more beautifully C. the most beautiful D. more beautiful 22. Today, Ly came to class __________ than she did yesterday. A. earlier B. more earlily C. more early D. too earlier 23. Is living in the countryside __________ than in the city? A. much convenient B. more convenient C. most convenient D. too convenient 24. The storm is becoming __________ than it was yesterday. A. severe B. severely C. more severe D. more severely 25. The cake tastes __________ than we expected. A. delicious B. more delicious B. deliciously D. more deliciously 26. She is trying to work __________ for her upcoming exam. A. more hardly B. hardly C. hardlier D. harder 27. It seems to be __________ idea so far. A. most brilliant B. more brilliant C. the most brilliant D. the more brilliant 28. Tiffany dances so __________ that nobody thinks that started learning to dance only half a month ago. A. well B. good C. bad D. badly 29. Girls’ Generation is considered one of the __________ Asian girl groups in the 21st century. A. successful B. more successful C. most successful D. the most successful 30. Goldfish band looks cute, but they sing live much __________ than I thought. A. bad B. badly B. worse C. more badly Exercise 5: Choose the underlined part that needs correcting in each sentence below. 31. The stage was lit (A) brighter (B)than it was (C) according (D)to the plan. 32. Farmers nowadays apply (A) more (B) modern techniques on the farm so that their work becomes less (C) harder (D) than before. 33. My dad has been (A) a (B) stamp collection (C) for more (D) than 20 years. 34. Traditional (A), people in this mountainous (B) area live (C)a nomadic (D) life. 35. After the harvesting (A)time, the farmers load (B) the drawn-buffalo (C) cart with (D) hay. IV. READING Exercise 6: Read the passage and then decide whether the sentences are True (T) or False (F) City life has its advantages and disadvantages and so does country life; however, there seems to be an increased interest in the country, especially among young families. If you are thinking about moving to the country as well but are not sure if it is a good idea, it may help to look at the benefits of country life. In the country, you are woken up by the singing of the birds rather than by the noise from the traffic. Homes in the countryside are surrounded by nature which has a soothing effect on both the mind and the body. Due to virtual absence of cars and factories, you will not be breathing any potentially toxic fumes in the country. Clean air is one of the main advantages of country life over city dwelling. In the country, everyone knows everyone and people actually say ‘hello’. Communities in the countryside are much smaller but they are more connected and open. People in the countryside are really friendlier and are prepared to help without asking anything in return. (Source: Adapted from Country life) T F 36. More and more young families like living in the countryside. 37. Communities in the city are much smaller than those in the countryside. 38. In the countryside, bird singing is very noisy. 39. There are not many cars and factories in the countryside. 40. In the countryside, you should pay money when being helped. Exercise 7: Read the following passage and choose the option (A, B, C or D) that best answers each of the questions below. With the habit of working in teams and being helpful to one another, villagers usually earn their living from farming, raising livestock and making handicrafts. They live in a small community with a temple or a communal cultural house where great events, such as festivals worshipping the village god and traditional games are organized. Villagers in the Southern usually live in houses lined up along central road and built on stilts to keep above flood waters. Along the coastal lines, fishermen depend on the sea as a means of livelihood. In the Central of Vietnam, a place suffering lots of natural disasters all the year round, citizens tend to be more studious and hard-working than those in regions with favourable conditions. People in the central highlands and the northern mountains live by growing rice, rubber trees, coffee and tea as well as hunting. 41. Which can be the topic of the passage? A. Villagers across the country B. Villagers around the world C. Vietnamese life in the countryside D. Vietnamese life in the city 42. Which activity is NOT mentioned as a way for villagers to earn their livings? A. farming B. fishing C. studying D. hunting 43. Why do Southern villagers need to build their houses on stilt? A. To protect their houses from being attacked by wild animals B. To protect their houses from being flooded C. To protect their houses from earthquakes D. To protect their houses from evil things 44. Which sentence is NOT true according to the passage? A. There are many natural disasters in the Central part of Vietnam. B. Houses in the Southern part of Vietnam often situate along the coastal line. C. People in the Northern Mountains earn their livings by hunting. D. Villagers often work individually. 45. Which explanation has the closest meaning to the word “studious” in the passage? A. spending a lot of time studying B. lacking academic knowledge C. being lazy in studying D. being very intelligent Exercise 8: Choose the sentence (A, B, C or D) that is closest in meaning to the root sentence. 46. Have you got any better hat than this one? A. Is this one the worse hat you’ve got? B. Is this one the best hat you’ve got? C. Is this one the better hat than that one? D. Is this one the worst hat you’ve got? 47. This is the most luxurious house I’ve ever seen. A. I’ve never seen a more luxurious house than this. B. I’ve never seen the most luxurious house than this. C. I’ve seen a more luxurious house than this. D. I’ve seen a more luxurious house than this. 48. He was the cleverest thief of all times. A. All thieves are cleverer than him. B. No thieves are cleverer than him. C. All thieves are less cleverer than him. D. No thieves are less clever than him. 49. Nam is a more attractive story teller than Mai. A. Nam tells stories attractively than Mai does. B. Nam tells more attractive stories than Mai does. C. Mai tells more attractive stories than Nam does. D. Mai doesn’t tell stories as attractively as Nam does. 50. Ronaldo plays better than anybody in the team. A. Ronaldo is good at playing in team. B. Ronaldo is the best player in the team. C. No one plays worse than Ronaldo in the team. D. Everyone plays better than Ronaldo in the team. Exercise 9: Choose the word having the underlined part pronounced differently in each line: Exercise 10: Complete the sentences with a suitable comparative form of the words provided: Exercise 11: Fill in the blanks with the correct word from the box: Exercise 12: Complete the sentences, using the comparative form of the adjective in box: Exercise 5: Fill in each blank with the appropriate form of word in the brackets: Exercise 13: Use the adjectives in the brackets in their correct form of comparison to complete the sentences:

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