Cho a,b,c lớn hơn 2 thỏa mãn \(\frac{1}{a-1}+\frac{1}{b-1}+\frac{1}{c-1}=2\)Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của H=\(\left(a-2\right)\left(b-2\right)\left(c-2\right)\)
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20 tháng 5 2018
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a+b+1}=\left(1-\frac{1}{b+c+1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{c+a+1}\right)=\frac{b+c}{b+c+1}+\frac{c+a}{c+a+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(b+c+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{1}{b+c+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}{\left(c+a+1\right)\left(a+b+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{c+a+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+b+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)}}\)
Nhân từng vế ta có: \(\frac{1}{a+b+1}.\frac{1}{b+c+1}.\frac{1}{c+a+1}\ge\frac{8\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\le\frac{1}{8}\)
3 tháng 10 2017
ap dung bdt \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2a+b+c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{16}\left[\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}^2\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow16P\le\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{2}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{2}{\left(a+c^2\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)\(+\frac{2}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
ap dung \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\) voi a+b=x, b+c=y, c+a=z
\(16P\le\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{4}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{4}{\left(c+a\right)^2}\)
tiếp tục áp dụng bdt ban đầu \(\frac{4}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\le4.16.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow16P\le\frac{1}{4}.16\left[\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\right]\)
=\(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ac}\right)\)
tiep tuc ap dung bo de thu 2 ta co
\(16P\le\frac{1}{4}.4\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)=3\)
\(\Rightarrow p\le\frac{3}{16}\)dau =khi a=b=c=1
29 tháng 6 2017
Đặt: \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{xyz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)
Ta có:
\(S=\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{y}.\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)}}+\frac{\frac{1}{y}}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{z}.\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)}}+\frac{\frac{1}{z}}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}.\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{1+x^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{1+y^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{1+z^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{xy+yz+zx+x^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{xy+yz+zx+y^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{xy+yz+zx+z^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{z}{x+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}+\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{z+x}+\frac{y}{z+y}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left(1+1+1\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
KN
25 tháng 4 2020
Xét biểu thức \(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)+\left(c+2\right)\left(a+2\right)}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{abc+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{\left(abc+ab+bc+ca\right)+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{4+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)(Do \(ab+bc+ca+abc=4\)theo giả thiết)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}=1\)(***)
Với x,y dương ta có 2 bất đẳng thức phụ sau:
\(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\)(*)
\(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)(**)
Áp dụng (*) và (**), ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{a+b+4}=\frac{1}{\left(a+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}\right)\)(1)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\right)\)(2)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(c^2+a^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c+2}+\frac{1}{a+2}\right)\)(3)
Cộng từng vế của các bất đẳng thức (1), (2), (3), ta được:
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)(theo (***))
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
26 tháng 6 2020
\(A=\frac{1}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{abc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{abc}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{abc}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{bc}{ab+ac}+\frac{ac}{bc+ba}+\frac{ab}{ac+bc}\)
Đặt: \(ab=x;bc=y;ac=z\)=> xyz = 1; x,y,z>0
\(A=\frac{y}{x+z}+\frac{z}{y+x}+\frac{x}{z+y}=\frac{y^2}{xy+yz}+\frac{z^2}{yz+xz}+\frac{x^2}{zx+xy}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+xz+xz\right)}\ge\frac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z= 1 => a = b = c = 1
Vậy gtnn của A = 3/2 tại a = b = c = 1
ML
19 tháng 11 2015
\(\frac{1}{a-1}=\left(1-\frac{1}{b-1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{c-1}\right)=\frac{b-2}{b-1}+\frac{c-2}{c-1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(b-2\right)\left(c-2\right)}{\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)}}\)
Tương tự với \(\frac{1}{b-1};\text{ }\frac{1}{c-1}\)
Rồi nhân theo vế 3 bất đẳng thức:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)}\ge8\sqrt{\frac{\left(a-2\right)^2\left(b-2\right)^2\left(c-2\right)^2}{\left(a-1\right)^2\left(b-1\right)^2\left(c-1\right)^2}}=8\frac{\left(a-2\right)\left(b-2\right)\left(c-2\right)}{\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(b-2\right)\left(c-2\right)\le\frac{1}{8}\)
Vậy GTLN của H là 0,125.
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{5}{2}.\)
\(\frac{1}{a-1}+\frac{1}{b-1}+\frac{1}{c-1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a-1}=\left(1-\frac{1}{b-1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{c-1}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a-1}=\frac{b-2}{b-1}+\frac{c-2}{c-1}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có : \(\frac{1}{a-1}=\frac{b-2}{b-1}+\frac{c-2}{c-1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b-2}{b-1}.\frac{c-2}{c-1}}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{b-1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a-2}{a-1}.\frac{c-2}{c-1}}\)
\(\frac{1}{c-1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b-2}{b-1}.\frac{a-2}{a-1}}\)
Nhân các BĐT theo vế :
\(\frac{1}{\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)}\ge\frac{8\left(a-2\right)\left(b-2\right)\left(c-2\right)}{\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\left(a-2\right)\left(b-2\right)\left(c-2\right)\le1\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(b-2\right)\left(c-2\right)\le\frac{1}{8}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{5}{2}\)
Vậy maxH = 1/8 <=> a = b = c = 5/2