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a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(PTHH:2Al+6HCl->2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2<--0,6<----------0,2<------0,3 (mol)
\(n_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=n\cdot M=0,6\cdot\left(1+35,5\right)=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=n\cdot M=0,2\cdot\left(27+35,5\cdot3\right)=26,7\left(g\right)\)
a, PT: 2Al+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H2
Ta có: nH2=6,7222,4=0,3(mol)
Theo PT: nHCl=2nH2=0,6(mol)
⇒mHCl=0,6.36,5=21,9(g)
b, Theo PT: nAl=23nH2=0,2(mol)
⇒mAl=0,2.27=5,4(g)
\(a/2Al+3H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(b/30ml=0,03l\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5.0,03=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,0015.2}{3}=0,001\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al}=0,001.27=0,027\left(g\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,0015}{2}=0,00075\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,00075.342=0,2565\left(g\right)\)
\(c/n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,0015.3}{3}=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,0015.24,79=0,037185\left(l\right)\)
\(a.2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ b.n_{Al}=1,5.0,5.0,03=0,0375mol\\ m_{Al}=0,0375.27=1,0125g\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot0,03\cdot0,5=1,71g\\V_{H_2}=24,79.0,5.0,03=0,37185L\)
a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{9,75}{65}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,15-->0,3------>0,15-->0,15
=> mHCl = 0,3.36,5 = 10,95 (g)
b)
mZnCl2 = 0,15.136 = 20,4 (g)
c)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,05<---0,15------->0,1
=> mFe2O3 = 0,05.160 = 8 (g)
mFe = 0,1.56 = 5,6 (g)
a.b.\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m_{Zn}}{M_{Zn}}=\dfrac{9,75}{65}=0,15mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,15 0,3 0,15 0,15 ( mol )
\(m_{HCl}=n_{HCl}.M_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95g\)
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}.M_{ZnCl_2}=0,15.136-20,4g\)
c.\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,05 0,15 0,1 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=n_{Fe_2O_3}.M_{Fe_2O_3}=0,05.160=8g\)
\(m_{Fe}=n_{Fe}.M_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6g\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,25}{65}=0,05mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,05 0,1 0,05 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12l\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\)
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)3Fe+4H_2O\)
0,05 0,0375 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe}=0,0375.56=2,1g\)
a: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b: \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n_{Al}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=n_{Al}\cdot M_{Al}=0.1\cdot27=2.7\left(g\right)\)
a)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2----------->0,2----->0,3
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b) \(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
c)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
0,3<----------------0,3
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2--------------->0,2------->0,3
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
c, PTHH:
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
0,2<------------------0,2
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
a)Số mol của Al là:
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2Al+6HCl\xrightarrow[]{}2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
tỉ lệ : 2 6 2 3 (mol)
số mol : 0,2 0,6 0,2 0,3 (mol)
Thể tích khí H2 thu được là:
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.24,79=7,437\left(l\right)\)
b)Khối lượng muối thu được là:
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
c)\(PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^0}2Fe+3H_2O\)
tỉ lệ :1 3 2 3 (mol)
số mol :0,1 0,3 0,2 0,3 (mol)
Khối lượng kim loại tạo thành là:
\(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,9748}{24,79}=0,12(mol)\\ 2AL+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,08(mol);n_{HCl}=0,24(mol)\\ a,m_{Al}=0,08.2=2,16(g)\\ m_{HCl}=0,24.36,5=8,76(g)\\ b,m_{AlCl_3}=0,08.133,5=10,68(g)\\ c,2H_2+O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=0,12(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,12.18=2,16(g)\)