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- Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow27a+24b=10,2\left(1\right)\)
Khí thu được sau p/ứ là khí H2: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
2 3 (mol)
a 3/2 a (mol)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
1 1 (mol)
b b (mol)
Từ hai PTHH trên ta có: \(\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,5\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\) ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=10,2\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải ra ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\%Al=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{m_{hh}}.100\%=\dfrac{0,2.27}{10,2}.100\%\approx52,94\%\)
\(\%Mg=100\%-\%Al=100\%-52,94=47,06\%\)
b)
\(3H_2+Fe_2O_3\rightarrow^{t^0}2Fe+3H_2O\)
3 1 2 (mol)
0,5 1/6 1/3 (mol)
\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{3}.56=\dfrac{56}{3}\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(pứ\right)}=\dfrac{1}{6}.160=\dfrac{80}{3}\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=60-m_{Fe}=60-\dfrac{56}{3}=\dfrac{124}{3}\left(g\right)\)
\(a=\dfrac{124}{3}+\dfrac{80}{3}=68\left(g\right)\)
PTHH
Mg + 2HCl ----> MgCl2 + H2 (1)
MgO + 2HCl -----> MgCl2 + H2O (2)
a) Theo pt(1) n Mg = n H2 = \(\frac{1,12}{22,4}\) = 0,05 (mol)
==> m Mg = 0,005 . 24=1,2 (g)
%m Mg = \(\frac{1,2}{3,2}\). 100%= 37,5%
%m MgO= 100% - 37,5%= 62,5%
b)m dd sau pư = 3,2 + 246,9 - 0,05 . 2=250 (g)
Theo pt(1)(2) n MgCl2(1) = n Mg = 0,05 mol
n MgCl2 (2) = n MgO=\(\frac{3,2-1,2}{40}\)=0,05(mol)
==> tổng n MgCl2 = 0,1 (mol) ---->m MgCl2 = 9,5 (g)
C%(MgCl2)= \(\frac{9,5}{250}\) .100% = 3,8%
nH2= 0,35(mol)
a) PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
x_________2x_______x______x(mol)
PTHH: Fe + 2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
y________2y________y_____y(mol)
Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+56y=13,2\\x+y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) m=m(muối khan)= mMgCl2 + mFeCl2= 95.x+127y=95.0,2+127.0,15= 38,05(g)
a)
Gọi
\(n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Mg} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56a + 24b = 13,2(1)\)
\(Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\)
Theo PTHH : \(n_{H_2} = a + b = 0,35(mol)\)(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,15 ;b = 0,2
Vậy :
\(\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,15.56}{13,2}.100\% = 63,64\%\\ \Rightarrow m_{Mg} = 100\% - 63,64\% = 36,36\%\)
b)
Ta có :\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,7(mol)\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng :
\(m_{muối} = m_{kim\ loại} + m_{HCl} - m_{H_2} = 13,2 + 0,7.36,5 - 0,35.2=38,05(gam)\)
Sửa đề: đktc → đkc
a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: 24nMg + 56nFe = 13,2 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,6765}{24,79}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}=0,35\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,2.24}{13,2}.100\%\approx36,36\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx63,64\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ m muối khan = 0,2.95 + 0,15.127 = 38,05 (g)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1 0,1
PTHH: CuO + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2O
Mol: 0,01 0,01
\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65.100\%}{7,3}=89,04\%\)
\(\%m_{CuO}=100-89,04=10,96\%\)
b, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{7,3-0,1.65}{80}=\dfrac{0,8}{80}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{muối}=0,1.136+0,01.135=14,95\left(g\right)\)
nH2 = 0,1 mol
Đặt nNa = x (mol); nBa = y (mol); ( x, y > 0 )
2Na + 2H2O \(\rightarrow\) 2NaOH + H2 (1)
x...........................x...........0,5x
Ba + 2H2O \(\rightarrow\) Ba(OH)2 + H2 (2)
y........................y................y
Từ (1)(2) ta có hệ pt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23x+137y=9,15\\0,5x+y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\) %Na = \(\dfrac{0,1.23.100}{9,15}\)\(\approx\) 25,1%
\(\Rightarrow\) %Ba = \(\dfrac{0,05.137.100}{9,15}\) \(\approx\) 74,9%
\(\Rightarrow\) CM NaOH = \(\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) (M)
\(\Rightarrow\) CM Ba(OH)2 = \(\dfrac{0,05}{0,3}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{6}\) (M)
2Na+2H2O ---------> 2NaOH+ H2
a........ a..........................a.......0.5a
Ba + 2H2O ----------> Ba(OH)2+ H2
b........2b............................b..........b
nH2=0.1 mol
Đặt a, b lần lượt là số mol của Na, Ba
Ta có PTKLhh=23a+137b=9.15 (I)
Và nH2=0.5a+b=0.1 (II)
Giải hệ pt (I), (II) =>a=0.1 mol
b=0.05 mol
Do đó %mNa=\(\dfrac{23\cdot0.1\cdot100}{9.15}\)=25.14%
%mBa=100%-25.14%= 74.86%
b)CmNaOH=\(\dfrac{0.1}{0.3}\)=0.33M
CmBa(OH)2=\(\dfrac{0.05}{0.3}\)=0.17 mol
c)NaOH + HCl---------> NaCl +H2O
0.1............0.1
Ba(OH)2+2HCl----------> BaCl2+ 2H2O
0.05...........0.1
=>VHCl=(0.1+0.1)/2=0.1 lít