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Cho x,y,z là các số dương thỏa mãn: \(x+y\ge10\). Tìm GTNN của \(A=2x+y+\dfrac{30}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}\)
<=> A = (x+y) + ( 5/x + 5/y) +( 25/x + x)
Xét:
+) x+y >/ 10
+) 5/x + 5/y = 5(1/x+1/y) >/ 5.4/x+y = 2 <=> x=y
+) 25/x + x >/ 2. căn 25/x.x =10
=> A >/ 10+2+10 = 22 <=> (x;y)= (5;5).
\(A=\left(\dfrac{6x}{5}+\dfrac{30}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y}{5}+\dfrac{5}{y}\right)+\dfrac{4}{5}\left(x+y\right)\)
\(A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{180x}{5x}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{5y}{5y}}+\dfrac{4}{5}.10=22\)
\(A_{min}=22\) khi \(x=y=5\)
\(P=2x+y+\dfrac{30}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{6x}{5}+\dfrac{30}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y}{5}+\dfrac{5}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{4x}{5}+\dfrac{4y}{5}\right)\)
\(\ge2.6+2+\dfrac{4}{5}.10=22\)
Vậy GTNN là P = 22 khi x = y = 5
Do \(1\le x\le2\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2\le3x\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự ta có \(y^2+2\le3y\)
Do đó: \(P\ge\dfrac{x+2y}{3x+3y+3}+\dfrac{2x+y}{3x+3y+3}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+y-1\right)}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{x+y}{x+y+1}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+y-1\right)}\)
Đặt \(a=x+y-1\Rightarrow1\le a\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge f\left(a\right)=\dfrac{a+1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{4a}\)
\(f'\left(a\right)=\dfrac{3a^2-4a-4}{4a^2\left(a+2\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(a-2\right)\left(3a+2\right)}{4a^2\left(a+2\right)^2}=0\Rightarrow a=2\)
\(f\left(1\right)=\dfrac{11}{12}\) ; \(f\left(2\right)=\dfrac{7}{8}\) ; \(f\left(3\right)=\dfrac{53}{60}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(a\right)\ge\dfrac{7}{8}\Rightarrow P_{min}=\dfrac{7}{8}\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right);\left(2;1\right)\)
Cho 2 số thực dương x,y yhoar mãn x+y ≥ 10
tìm GTNN của P= 2x + y +\(\dfrac{30}{x}\)+\(\dfrac{5}{y}\)
\(P=\dfrac{4}{5}\left(x+y\right)+\left(\dfrac{6x}{5}+\dfrac{30}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y}{5}+\dfrac{5}{y}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{5}.10+2\sqrt{\dfrac{180x}{5x}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{5y}{5y}}=22\)
\(P_{min}=22\) khi \(x=y=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)+20=\dfrac{5\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+3\right)}{xy}\ge\dfrac{5\left(x+y\right)2\sqrt{3xy}}{xy}=10\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{x}}\right)\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{x}}=t\ge2\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}=t^2-2\)
\(\Rightarrow6\left(t^2-2\right)+20\ge10\sqrt{3}t\)
\(\Rightarrow3t^2-5\sqrt{3}t+4\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{3}t-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}t-4\right)\ge0\)
Do \(t\ge2\Rightarrow\sqrt{3}t-1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3}t-4\ge0\Rightarrow t\ge\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2\ge\dfrac{16}{3}\Rightarrow t^2-2\ge\dfrac{10}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\ge\dfrac{10}{3}\) (do \(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}=t^2-2\))
Vậy \(A_{min}=\dfrac{10}{3}\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;3\right);\left(3;1\right)\)
