\(Zn+H_2SO_4->ZnSO_4+H_2\)

phản ứng thế

\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\) - Pư thế

\(2H_2O-^{nhietphan}>2H_2=+O_2\)

phản ứng phân hủy

a, PT: \(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{13}{26}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{C_2H_2}=1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=1.44=44\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2O}=n_{C_2H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,5.18=9\left(g\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{2}n_{C_2H_2}=1,25\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1,25.22,4=28\left(l\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{20\%}=140\left(l\right)\)

c, PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=1.100=100\left(g\right)\)

n C2H2 = $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{13}{26}=0,5$ (mol)

2C2H2          +       3O2 $\underrightarrow{t^o}$        4CO2 +     2H2O

0,5                     --> 0,75         --> 1         --> 0,5 

a. mCO2 = n.M = 1. 44 = 44 (gam) 

mH2O = n.M = 0,5 . 18 = 9 (gam) 

b. V(O2) = n.22,4 = 0,75 . 22,4 = 16,8 (lít) 

Ta có Oxi chiếm 20% thể tích không khí 

=> V (Không khí) = $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{V^{O^2}.100\%}{20\%}=\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{16,8.100}{20}=84$(lít) 

c. CO2 + Ca(OH)2 $\to$CaCO3 + H2O 

      1                         --> 1 

m CaCO3 = n.M = 1.100 = 100 (gam)

a, PT: \(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)

\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{MgCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCO_3}=0,1.84=8,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=10,4-m_{MgCO_3}=2\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(\%m_C=\dfrac{12.13}{12.13+1.21+14+16.3}.100\%\approx65,272\%\)

Phần trăm khối lượng nguyên tử cacbon có trong phân tử Salbutamol là 

C% $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{12.13}{12.13+1.21+14+16.3}.100\%=15,06\%$

\(MnO_2+4HCl_đ\underrightarrow{t^o}MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\)

\(Cl_2+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2HCl\)

\(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

\(2NaCl+2H_2O\xrightarrow[cmn]{đpdd}2NaOH+Cl_2+H_2\)

MnO2 + 4HCl $\to$ MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O 

Cl2 + H2 $\to$ 2HCl 

HCl + NaOH $\to$ NaCl + H2O 

2NaCl + 2H2O $\stackrel{cmn}{\to }$ 2NaOH + H2 + Cl2 

PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{6,72}{56}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

a, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,12\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,12.24,79=2,9748\left(l\right)\)

b, \(n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,12\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=0,12.152=18,24\left(g\right)\)

c, PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,08\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,08.56=4,48\left(g\right)\)

a, PT: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{4}{160}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{C_2H_4}=n_{Br_2}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,025.22,4}{2,8}.100\%=20\%\\\%V_{CH_4}=100-20=80\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,8.80\%}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)

\(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}+2n_{C_2H_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_{3\downarrow}+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a=m_{CaCO_3}=0,15.100=15\left(g\right)\)

a, PT: $C^2{H}^4+B{r}^2\to C^2{H}^{4}B{r}^2$

Ta có: $n^{B{r}^2}=\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{4}{160}=0,025\left(mol\right)$

Theo PT: $n^{C^2{H}^4}=n^{B{r}^2}=0,025\left(mol\right)$

$\Rightarrow \{\begin{array}{c}\%V^{C^2{H}^4}=\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{0,025.22,4}{2,8}.100\%=20\%\\ \%V^{C{H}^4}=100-20=80\%\end{array}$

b, Ta có: $n^{C{H}^4}=\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{2,8.80\%}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)$

PT: $C{H}^4+2O^2\underrightarrow{t^o}C{O}^2+2H^{2}O$

$C^2{H}^4+3O^2\underrightarrow{t^o}2C{O}^2+2H^{2}O$

Theo PT: $n^{C{O}^2}=n^{C{H}^4}+2n^{C^2{H}^4}=0,15\left(mol\right)$

PT: $C{O}^2+Ca{\left(OH\right)}^2\to CaC{O}^{3\downarrow }+H^{2}O$

Theo PT: $n^{CaC{O}^3}=n^{C{O}^2}=0,15\left(mol\right)$

$\Rightarrow a=m^{CaC{O}^3}=0,15.100=15\left(g\right)$

(1) \(2CH_4\xrightarrow[lln]{1500^oC}C_2H_2+3H_2\)

(2) \(C_2H_2+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o,Pd}C_2H_4\)

(3) \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)

 (4) \(CH_4+Cl_2\underrightarrow{as}CH_3Cl+HCl\)

 (5) \(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)

 (6) \(C_2H_2+2H_2\underrightarrow{t^o,Ni}C_2H_6\)

 (7) \(C_2H_4+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o,Ni}C_2H_6\)

(1) $2C{H}^4\stackrel{lln}{\to }{C}^2{H}^2+3H^2$

(2) $C^2{H}^2+H^2\underrightarrow{t^o,Pd}{C}^2{H}^4$

(3) $C^2{H}^4+B{r}^2\to C^2{H}^{4}B{r}^2$

 (4) $C{H}^4+C{l}^2\underrightarrow{as}C{H}^{3}Cl+HCl$

 (5) $C^2{H}^2+2B{r}^2\to C^2{H}^{2}B{r}^4$

 (6) $C^2{H}^2+2H^2\underrightarrow{t^o,Ni}{C}^2{H}^6$

 (7) $C^2{H}^4+H^2\underrightarrow{t^o,Ni}{C}^2{H}^6$