Cho A=( \(\frac{1}{2^2}\)-1).(\(\frac{1}{3^2}\)-1)...(\(\frac{1}{100^2}\)-1). so sánh A vs -\(\frac{1}{2}\)
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\frac{-3}{4}.\frac{-8}{9}......\frac{-9999}{1000}\)
\(=-\frac{1.3}{2.2}.\frac{2.4}{3.3}....\frac{99.101}{100.100}\)
\(=-\frac{1.2.3...99}{2.3...100}.\frac{3.4...101}{2.3...100}\)
\(=-\frac{1}{100}.\frac{101}{2}=-\frac{101}{200}< \frac{-100}{200}=\frac{-1}{2}\)
VẬY \(A< \frac{-1}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
A = \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\)
A < \(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
A < \(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
A < 1 - \(\frac{1.}{100}\)
A < \(\frac{99}{100}< \frac{199}{100}\)
=> A < \(\frac{199}{100}\)
b,
S = \(\frac{3}{2^2}.\frac{8}{3^2}.\frac{15}{4^2}...\frac{99}{10^2}\)
S = \(\frac{1.3}{2.2}.\frac{2.4}{3.3}.\frac{3.5}{4.4}...\frac{9.11}{10.10}\)
S = \(\frac{1.3.2.4.3.5.4.6.5.7...9.11}{2.2.3.3.4.4...10.10}\)
S = \(\frac{1.2.3^2.4^2.5^2...9^2.10.11}{2^2.3^3.4^2...10^2}\)
S = \(\frac{1.11}{2.10}\)
S = \(\frac{11}{20}\)
Cho \(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}};B=\frac{1}{2}\).so sánh A và B
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
$A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{100}}$
$3A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}$
$\Rightarrow 3A-A=1-\frac{1}{3^{100}}$
$\Rightarrow 2A=1-\frac{1}{3^{100}}<1$
$\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}$
$\Rightarrow A< B$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
..............
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
=> S < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
S < \(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(S< 1-\dfrac{1}{100}< 1\)(do 1/100 >0)
ĐPcm
Giải:
\(S=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{99^2}+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4}\)
\(...\)
\(\dfrac{1}{99^2}=\dfrac{1}{99.99}< \dfrac{1}{98.99}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}=\dfrac{1}{100.100}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{98.99}+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{98}-\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1\)
Vậy S < 1.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
\(2^2<4^2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}>\frac{1}{4^2}\)
\(3^2<6^2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3^2}>\frac{1}{6^2}\)
\(4^2<8^2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{4^2}<\frac{1}{8^2}\)
\(...\)
\(100^2<200^2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{100^2}>\frac{1}{200^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}>\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+\frac{1}{8^2}+...+\frac{1}{200^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>B\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\frac{1}{1!}+\frac{1}{2!}+\frac{1}{3!}+\frac{1}{4!}+...+\frac{1}{99!}+\frac{1}{100!}\)
\(A< 1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{98.99}+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(A< 1+1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{98}-\frac{1}{99}+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(A< 1+1-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(A< 2-\frac{1}{100}< 2\)
\(A=\frac{1}{1!}+\frac{1}{2!}+\frac{1}{3!}+\frac{1}{4!}+...+\frac{1}{99!}+\frac{1}{100!}\)
\(A< 1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{98.99}+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(A< 1+1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{98}-\frac{1}{99}+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(A< 1+1-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(A< 2-\frac{1}{100}< 2\)
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{2^2}-1\right).\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-1\right).......\left(\frac{1}{100^2}-1\right)\)
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{2^2}{2^2}\right).\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{3^2}{3^2}\right).....\left(\frac{1}{100^2}-\frac{100^2}{100^2}\right)\)
\(A=\left(-\frac{3}{4}\right).\left(-\frac{8}{9}\right)........\left(-\frac{9999}{10000}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{\left(-3\right).\left(-8\right).....\left(-9999\right)}{4.9...10000}=\frac{1.\left(-3\right).2.\left(-4\right)......99.\left(-101\right)}{2.2.3.3.....100.100}\)
\(A=\frac{\left(1.2.3....99\right).\left[\left(-3\right).\left(-4\right)......\left(-101\right)\right]}{\left(2.3.4....100\right).\left(2.3.4...100\right)}=\frac{1.\left(-101\right)}{100.\left(-1.\right).\left(-1\right)....\left(-1\right).2}=\frac{-101}{100.2}=\frac{-101}{200}\)
Ta thấy \(\frac{-101}{200}< \frac{-100}{200}=\frac{-1}{2}\Rightarrow A< -\frac{1}{2}\)