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a, \(\left|3x-4\right|+\left|3y+5\right|=0\)
Ta có :
\(\left|3x-4\right|\ge0\forall x;\left|3y+5\right|\ge0\forall x\\ \)
\(\Rightarrow\left|3x-4\right|+\left|3y+5\right|\ge0\forall x\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-4=0\\3y+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=4\\3y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{5}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy.........\)
b, \(\left|x+\dfrac{19}{5}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{1890}{1975}\right|+\left|z-2004\right|=0\)
Ta có :
\(\left|x+\dfrac{19}{5}\right|\ge0\forall x;\left|y+\dfrac{1890}{1975}\right|\ge0\forall y;\left|z-2004\right|\ge0\forall z \)
\(\left|x+\dfrac{19}{5}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{1890}{1975}\right|+\left|z-2004\right|\ge0\forall x;y;z\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{19}{5}=0\\y+\dfrac{1890}{1975}=0\\z-2004=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{19}{5}\\y=-\dfrac{1890}{1975}\\z=2004\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy............\)
c, \(\left|x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right|+\left|z+\dfrac{7}{2}\right|\le0\)
Ta có : \(\left|x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right|\ge0\forall x;\left|y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right|\ge0\forall y;\left|z+\dfrac{7}{2}\right|\ge0\forall z\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right|+\left|z+\dfrac{7}{2}\right|\ge0\forall x;y;z\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right|+\left|z+\dfrac{7}{2}\right|\ge0\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{9}{2}=0\\y+\dfrac{4}{3}=0\\z+\dfrac{7}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{9}{2}\\y=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\z=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy............\)
d, \(\left|x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right|+\left|y-\dfrac{1}{5}\right|+\left|x+y+z\right|=0\)
Ta có :
\(\left|x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right|\ge0\forall x;\left|y-\dfrac{1}{5}\right|\ge0\forall y;\left|x+y+z\right|\ge0\forall x;y;z\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right|+\left|y-\dfrac{1}{5}\right|+\left|x+y+z\right|\ge0\forall x;y;z\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{3}{4}=0\\y-\dfrac{1}{5}=0\\x+y+z=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{4}\\y=\dfrac{1}{5}\\z=0-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{11}{20}\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy.......\)
e, Câu cuối bn làm tương tự như câu a, b, c nhé!
a)\(\left|x+\dfrac{19}{5}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{1980}{1975}\right|+\left|z-2004\right|\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+\dfrac{19}{5}\right|=0\\\left|y+\dfrac{1980}{1975}\right|=0\\\left|z-2004\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{19}{5}\\y=-\dfrac{1980}{1975}\\z=2004\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left|\dfrac{3}{4}+x\right|+\left|-\dfrac{1}{5}+y\right|+\left|x+y+z\right|\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|\dfrac{3}{4}+x\right|=0\\\left|-\dfrac{1}{5}+y\right|=0\\\left|x+y+z\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{4}\\y=\dfrac{1}{5}\\z=\dfrac{11}{20}\end{matrix}\right.\)
`@` `\text {Ans}`
`\downarrow`
Viết các biểu thức sau dưới dạng hiệu chứ ạ?
`e,`
`(x+1)(x-1)`
`= x(x-1) + x - 1`
`= x^2 - x + x - 1`
`= x^2 - 1`
`f,`
`(x-2y)(x+2y)?`
`= x(x+2y) - 2y(x+2y)`
`= x^2 + 2xy - 2xy - 4y^2`
`= x^2 - 4y^2`
`g,`
`(x+y+z)(x-y-z)`
`= x(x-y-z) + y(x-y-z) + z(x-y-z)`
`= x^2 - xy - xz + xy - y^2 - yz + xz - yz - z^2`
`= x^2 - y^2 - z^2 - 2yz`
`h,`
`(x-y+z)(x+y+z)`
`= x(x+y+z) - y(x+y+z) + z(x+y+z)`
`= x^2 + xy + xz - xy - y^2 - yz + xz + yz + z^2`
`= x^2 - y^2 + z^2 + 2xz`
Câu này c xem lại đề.
Hầy mình không nghĩ lớp 7 đã phải làm những bài biến đổi như thế này. Cái này phù hợp với lớp 8-9 hơn.
1.
Đặt $x^2-y^2=a; y^2-z^2=b; z^2-x^2=c$.
Khi đó: $a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c$
$\text{VT}=a^3+b^3+c^3=(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3$
$=(-c)^3-3ab(-c)+c^3=3abc$
$=3(x^2-y^2)(y^2-z^2)(z^2-x^2)$
$=3(x-y)(x+y)(y-z)(y+z)(z-x)(z+x)$
$=3(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)$
$=3.4(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)=12(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)$
Ta có đpcm.
Bài 2:
Áp dụng kết quả của bài 1:
Mẫu:
$(x^2-y^2)^3+(y^2-z^2)^3+(z^2-x^2)^3=3(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)(x+y)(y+z)(z+x)=3(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)(1)$
Tử:
Đặt $x-y=a; y-z=b; z-x=c$ thì $a+b+c=0$
$(x-y)^3+(y-z)^3+(z-x)^3=a^3+b^3+c^3$
$=(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3=(-c)^3-3ab(-c)+c^3=3abc$
$=3(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)(2)$
Từ $(1);(2)$ suy ra \(\frac{(x-y)^3+(y-z)^3+(z-x)^3}{(x^2-y^2)^3+(y^2-z^2)^3+(z^2-x^2)^3}=1\)
a)
Ta thấy \(\left\{\begin{matrix} |x+\frac{19}{5}|\geq 0\\ |y+\frac{1890}{1975}|\geq 0\\ |z-2005|\geq 0\end{matrix}\right., \forall x,y,z\in\mathbb{Z}\)
\(|x+\frac{19}{5}|+|y+\frac{1890}{1975}|+|z-2005|\geq 0\)
Do đó, để \(|x+\frac{19}{5}|+|y+\frac{1890}{1975}|+|z-2005|=0\) thì :
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} |x+\frac{19}{5}|= 0\\ |y+\frac{1890}{1975}|= 0\\ |z-2005|=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=\frac{-19}{5}; y=\frac{-1890}{1975}; z=2005\)
b) Giống phần a, vì trị tuyệt đối của một số luôn không âm nên để tổng các trị tuyệt đối bằng $0$ thì:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} |x+\frac{3}{4}|=0\\ |y-\frac{1}{5}|=0\\ |x+y+z|=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=-\frac{3}{4}\\ y=\frac{1}{5}\\ z=-(x+y)=\frac{11}{20}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\frac{16}{2^x}=1\Rightarrow 16=2^x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2^4=2^x\Rightarrow x=4\)
d) \((2x-1)^3=-27=(-3)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow 2x-1=-3\)
\(\Rightarrow 2x=-2\Rightarrow x=-1\)
e) \((x-2)^2=1=1^2=(-1)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x-2=1\\ x-2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=3\\ x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
f) \((x+\frac{1}{2})^2=\frac{4}{25}=(\frac{2}{5})^2=(\frac{-2}{5})^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{2}{5}\\ x+\frac{1}{2}=-\frac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=\frac{-1}{10}\\ x=\frac{-9}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)
g) \((x-1)^2=(x-1)^6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^6-(x-1)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2[(x-1)^4-1]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} (x-1)^2=0\\ (x-1)^4=1=(-1)^4=1^4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=1\\ \left[\begin{matrix} x-1=-1\\ x-1=1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=1\\ \left[\begin{matrix} x=0\\ x=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=\left\{0;1;2\right\}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\ge\left|a+b\right|\) ta có:
\(\left|x-1\right|+\left|x-2007\right|=\left|x-1\right|+\left|2007-x\right|\ge\left|x-1+2007-x\right|=2006\)Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x-1\right)\left(2007-x\right)\ge0\Rightarrow1\le x\le2007\)
Lại có
\(\left\{\begin{matrix}\left|x-30\right|\ge0\\\left|y-4\right|\ge0\\\left|z-1975\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-1\right|+\left|x-30\right|+\left|y-4\right|+\left|z-1975\right|+\left|x-2007\right|\ge2006\)Dấu "="xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix}\left|x-30\right|=0\\\left|y-4\right|=0\\\left|z-1975\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left\{\begin{matrix}x-30=0\\y-4=0\\z-1975=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}x=30\\y=4\\z=1975\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy x=30,y=4,z=1975