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Lấy pt cuối trừ 3 lần pt đầu ta được:
\(\left(\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^3+\left(\sqrt{y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^3+\left(\sqrt{z}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^3=\frac{512}{27}\)
Pt (2) tương đương:
\(x+\frac{1}{x}-2+y+\frac{1}{y}-2+z+\frac{1}{z}-2=\frac{64}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2=\frac{64}{9}\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}};\sqrt{y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}};\sqrt{z}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\)
Hệ trở thành:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=\frac{8}{3}\\a^2+b^2+c^2=\frac{64}{9}\\a^3+b^3+c^3=\frac{512}{27}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=\frac{8}{3}\\ab+bc+ca=0\\a^3+b^3+c^3=\frac{512}{27}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\frac{512}{27}-3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=\frac{512}{27}-3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{8}{3}.\left(\frac{64}{9}-0\right)=\frac{512}{27}-3abc\)
\(\Rightarrow abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=\frac{8}{3}\\ab+bc+ca=0\\abc=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(0;0;\frac{8}{3}\right)\) và hoán vị
Hay \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(1;1;9\right)\) và hoán vị
\(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\le\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4z}+\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\le\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4z}\right)+\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{z}{x+y}+\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}\le\frac{y+z}{4x}+\frac{z+x}{4y}+\frac{x+y}{4z}\)
Ta có:
\(VP=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{z}{y}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}=VT\)
Áp dụng liên tiếp bđt AM-GM cho 2 số dương ta có:
A = \(\left(xyz+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)+\)\(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{z}=\left(xy+\frac{y}{x}\right)+\left(yz+\frac{z}{y}\right)+\)\(\left(xz+\frac{x}{z}\right)+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)\(\ge2\sqrt{xy.\frac{y}{x}}+2\sqrt{yz.\frac{z}{y}}+2\sqrt{xz.\frac{x}{z}}+\)\(+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
\(A\ge2y+2z+2x+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)\(=x+y+z+\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)+\left(z+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(A\ge x+y+z+2\sqrt{x.\frac{1}{x}}+2\sqrt{y.\frac{1}{y}}+\)\(2\sqrt{z.\frac{1}{z}}=x+y+z+2.3=x+y+z+6\)(đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
a/ \(\frac{2x+1}{\sqrt{x^2+2}}+\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{1+\frac{2x+1}{x^2+2}}-1\right)+2x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x+1}{\sqrt{x^2+2}}+\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}{\sqrt{1+\frac{2x+1}{x^2+2}}+1}+2x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+2}}+\frac{x+1}{\sqrt{1+\frac{2x+1}{x^2+2}}+1}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
b/ \(Q\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}+\frac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)^2}{xy+yz+zx}\ge\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}+\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^3}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
\(Q\ge\frac{27\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}+\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^6}{27\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\frac{27}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}+\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^4}{27}\)
\(Q\ge\frac{27}{64\left(x+y+z\right)^2}+\frac{27}{64\left(x+y+z\right)^2}+\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^4}{27}+\frac{837}{32\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
\(Q\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{27^2\left(x+y+z\right)^4}{64^2.27\left(x+y+z\right)^4}}+\frac{837}{32.\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2}=\frac{195}{16}\)
"=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Nguyễn Trúc Giang, Duy Khang, Vũ Minh Tuấn, Võ Hồng Phúc, tth, No choice teen, Phạm Lan Hương,
Nguyễn Lê Phước Thịnh, @Nguyễn Việt Lâm, @Akai Haruma
giúp em vs ạ! Cần trước 5h chiều nay ạ
Thanks nhiều
Áp dụng Cauchy Schwarz
\(A=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{9}{z}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+3\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\frac{25}{x+y+z}=25\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra bạn tự giải