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PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow160x+80y=40\left(1\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{14,56}{22,4}=0,65\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}+n_{CuO}=3x+y\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ 3x + y = 0,65 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,15.160}{40}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{CuO}=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Ta có hệ
\(\begin{cases} n_{NO_2} + n_{NO}=\dfrac{3,136}{22,4}=0,14 \\ 46.n_{NO_2} + 30n_{NO}=2.20,143.0,14=5,64 \end{cases}\Leftrightarrow \begin{cases}x=0,09 \\y=0,05 \end{cases}\)
Đặt \(n_{FeO}=n_{CuO}=n_{Fe_3O_4}=z\)
Áp dụng bảo toàn e:\( z+z=0,09+0,05.3 \Leftrightarrow z=0,12\)
\(\Rightarrow a=0,12(72+80+232)=46,08 \)
+PTHH:
CuO + H2 => Cu + H2O
Fe2O3 + 3H2 => 2Fe + 3H2O
nH2 = V/22.4 = 8.96/22.4 = 0.4 (mol)
Gọi x (mol), y (mol) lần lượt là số mol của CuO và Fe2O3
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80x+160y=24\\x+3y=0.4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0.1\\y=0.1\end{matrix}\right.\)
===> mCuO = n.M = 0.1 x 80 = 8 (g)
===> mFe2O3 = n.M = 0.1 x 160 = 16 (g)
Suy ra: %mCuO = 33.33 (%), %mFe2O3 = 66.67 (%)
Bài 1:
nHCl=0,08(mol)
nH2O=0,8/2=0,04(mol)
=>mO(trong H2O)= mO(trong oxit)=0,04. 16= 0,64(g)
=>m(Fe,Mg trong oxit)= 5 - 0,64= 4,36(g)
=> m(muối)= m(Fe,Mg) + mCl- = 4,36+ 0,08.35,5=7,2(g)
Bài 2:
nHCl=0,05.2=0,1(mol) => nCl- =0,1(mol) => mCl- = 0,1.35,5=3,55(g)
3,55> 3,071 => Em coi lại đề
Bài 3 em cũng xem lại đề hé
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Mol: x 1,5x
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: y y
b, Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=11\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27.100\%}{11}=49,09\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,09\%=50,91\%\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\) ⇒ CuO hết, H2 dư
PTHH: CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
Mol: 0,2 0,2
\(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
Gọi \(m_{Al}=a\left(g\right)\left(0< a< 11\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Fe}=11-a\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{a}{27}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11-a}{56}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(\dfrac{a}{27}\) \(\dfrac{a}{18}\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\) \(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\)
\(\rightarrow pt:\dfrac{a}{18}+\dfrac{11-a}{56}=0,4\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{Al}=a=5,4\left(g\right)\left(TM\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{11}=49,1\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,1\%=50,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
LTL: \(0,2< 0,4\rightarrow\) H2 dư
\(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
Fe3O4+4H2-to>3Fe+4H2O
x---------\(\dfrac{3}{4}x\)
CuO+H2-to>Cu+H2O
y--------y mol
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,5\\\dfrac{3}{4}x.56+64y=23,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,4 mol, y=0,1 mol
=>% m Fe3O4=\(\dfrac{0,4.232}{0,4.232+0,1.80}.100\)=92,1%
=>%m CuO=100-92,1=7,9%
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\rightarrow3Fe+4H_2O\)
x 4x 3x
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
y y y
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+y=0,5\\3\cdot56x+64y=23,2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot232}{0,1\cdot232+0,1\cdot80}\cdot100\%=74,36\%\)
\(\%m_{CuO}=100\%-74,36\%=25,64\%\)
Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol), n_{Zn} = b(mol) , n_{Al} = c(mol) \Rightarrow 56a + 65b + 27c = 20,4(1)$
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2$
$2Al +3 H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 +3 H_2$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + b + 1,5c = \dfrac{10,08}{22,4} = 0,45(mol)(2)$
Mặt khác :
$2Fe + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3$
$Zn + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} ZnCl_2$
$2Al + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2AlCl_3$
Theo PTHH : $n_{Cl_2} = 1,5n_{Fe} + n_{Zn} + 1,5n_{Al}$
Suy ra : \dfrac{1,5a + b + 1,5c}{a + b + c} = \dfrac{0,275}{0,2}(3)$
Từ (1)(2)(3) suy ra : a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1 ; c = 0,1
$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,2.56}{20,4}.100\% = 54,9\%$
$\%m_{Zn} = \dfrac{0,1.65}{20,4}.100\% = 31,9\%$
$\%m_{Al} = 100\% - 54,9\% - 31,9\% = 13,2\%$
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3 H2 -to-> 2 Fe +3 H2O
x____________3x_______2x(mol)
CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O
y___y________y(mol)
Hệ pt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}160x+80y=24\\3x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
-> mCuO= 0,1.80=8(g)
-> %mCuO=(8/24).100 \(\approx\) 33,333%
-> %mFe2O3 \(\approx\) 66,667%