Cho x+4y= 2 .Tìm GTNN của x2 + 4y2
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\(B=x^2+4y+4y^2+8x+42=\left(x^2+8x+16\right)+\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)+25=\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+25\ge25\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x = -4; y = -1/2
\(B=x^2+4y+4y^2+8x+42\)
\(B=x^2+8x+16+4y^2+4y+1+25\)
\(B=\left(x+4\right)^2\left(2y+1\right)^2+25\)
GTNN của B là 25
xảy ra khi (x+4)2=0 hoặc (2y+1)2=0
x+4=0 hoặc 2y+1=0
x=-4 hoặc 2y=-1
x= -4 hoặc y=-1/2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
A= -x2+2x+3
=>A= -(x2-2x+3)
=>A= -(x2-2.x.1+1+3-1)
=>A=-[(x-1)2+2]
=>A= -(x+1)2-2
Vì -(x+1)2 ≤0=> A≤-2
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi
-(x+1)2=0 => x=-1
Vây A lớn nhất= -2 khi x= -1
B=x2-2x+4y2-4y+8
=> B= (x2-2x+1)+(4y2-4y+1)+6
=> B=(x-1)2+(2y+1)2+6
=> B lớn nhất=6 khi x=1 và y=-1/2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\left(x^2+4y^2+1-4xy+2x-4y\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-3\)
\(A=\left(x-2y+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(2;\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
$3^x.x^2=4y(y+1)$ nên $x$ chẵn. Đặt $x=2a$ ta có:
$3^{2a}.a^2=y(y+1)\Leftrightarrow (3^a.a)^2=y(y+1)$
Dễ thấy $(y,y+1)=1$ nên để tích của chúng là scp thì $y,y+1$ là scp.
Đặt $y=m^2; y+1=n^2$ với $m,n$ tự nhiên.
$\Rightarrow 1=(n-m)(n+m)$
$\Rightarrow n=1; m=0\Rightarrow y=0\Rightarrow x=0$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(M=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{16}}{x^2}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}=\dfrac{49}{16}\)
\(M_{min}=\dfrac{49}{16}\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}};\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{14}};\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{7}}\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(M=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{16}}{x^2}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}=\dfrac{7}{4}\)
\(M_{min}=\dfrac{7}{4}\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}};1\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
\(3-S=\left(x^2+4y^2+9z^2\right)-\left(2x+4y+6z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3-S=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(4y^2-4y+1\right)+\left(9z^2-6z+1\right)-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6-S=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-1\right)^2+\left(3z-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S\le6\)
\(S_{max}=6\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\2y-1=0\\3z-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(1;\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
`a)x^2-2x+2+4y^2+4y`
`=x^2-2x+1+4y^2+4y+1`
`=(x-1)^2+(2y+1)^2`
`b)4x^2+y^2+12x+4y+13`
`=4x^2+12x+9+y^2+4y+4`
`=(2x+3)^2+(y+2)^2`
`c)x^2+17+4y^2+8x+4y`
`=x^2+8x+16+4y^2+4y+1`
`=(x+4)^2+(2y+1)^2`
`d)4x^2-12xy+y^2-4y+13`
`=4x^2-12x+9+y^2-4y+4`
`=(2x-3)^2+(y-2)^2`
a) \(x^2-2x+2+4y^2+4y=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2\)
b) \(4x^2+y^2+12x+4y+13=\left(2x+3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2\)
c) \(x^2+17+4y^2+8x+4y=\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2\)
d) \(4x^2-12x+y^2-4y+13=\left(2x-3\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\)