công thức giúp mình với
Mệnh đề quan hệ (mệnh đề tính từ) dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước. Mệnh đề quan hệ được bắt đầu bằng các quan hệ từ:
a) Đại từ quan hệ (relative pronouns): Who, Whom, Which, Whose, That
1. WHO:
+ làm chủ từ (S) trong mệnh đề quan hệ
+ thay thế cho danh từ / đại từ chỉ người
Example:
Mary is a girl. She is wearing a red hat.
" Mary is the girl who is wearing a red hat.
2. WHICH:
+ làm chủ từ (S) hoặc túc từ (O) trong MĐQH
+ thay thế cho danh từ / đại từ chỉ vật
Example:
a. The bike is very nice. I bought it last week.
" The bike which I bought last week is very nice.
b. The book is mine. The book is on the table.
" The book which is on the table is mine.
3. WHOM:
+ làm túc từ (O) trong MĐQH
+ thay thế cho danh từ/đại từ chỉ người
Example:
Do you know the woman? I saw the woman on TV last night.
" Do you know the woman whom I saw on TV last night.
4. WHOSE:
+ chỉ sở hữu, dùng cho người hoặc vật
Example: The man is very kind. I borrowed his pen.
" The man whose pen I borrowed is very kind.
+ thay thế cho: - sở hữu tính từ (my, your, our, their, his, her, its)
- sở hữu cách (N's)
- cấu trúc: of + N
+ sau WHOSE luôn luôn là danh từ (N)
5. THAT:
+ thay thế cho WHO, WHOM, WHICH
+ bắt buộc dùng THAT khi trước đó có 1 số từ: a few, a little, the only, the first, the last, cụm từ vừa có người lẫn vật (the man and the animals), so sánh nhất …
b) Trạng từ quan hệ (relative adverbs): When, Where, Why
1. WHEN: + đứng sau danh từ chỉ thời gian: time, holiday, …
+ Dùng “when” thì bỏ cụm trạng từ chỉ thời gian (at that time, then…)
Example: Do you remember the time? We met each other at that time.
" Do you remember the time when we met each other?
2. WHERE: + đứng sau danh từ chỉ nơi chốn: place, house, city, country …
+ Dùng “where” thì bỏ cụm trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn (in that place, in that city, there…)
Example: The house is very old. He was born and gew up in that house.
" The house where was born and gew up is very old.
3. WHY: + đứng sau danh từ chỉ lý do: reason, cause …
+ Dùng “why” thì bỏ cụm trạng từ chỉ lý do: for that reason
Sử dụng những từ quan hệ who, whom, which, that để viết lại các câu sau
1. They don't like the boy. He always talks in the class
-> They don't like the boy who always talks in the class
2. She bought two hats and three shirts. They are very beautiful
-> She bought two hats and three shirts which are very beautiful
3. I met the woman. She can translate the text into Vietnamese
-> I met the woman who can translate the text into Vietnamese
4. He is the only person. He can find the better sollution
-> He is the only person who can find the better sollution
5. Have you seen the ruler? I put it on the table
-> Have you seen the ruler which I put on the table?
6. I am going to make some cakes. They will make you happy
-> I am going to make some cakes which will make you happy
7. It is the most difficult question. I have ever met it
-> It is the most difficult question which I have ever met
8. He is the man. he drew the picture
-> He is the man who drew the picture
9. The woman is our president. I have met her before
-> The woman is our president who have met before
10. She is reading a story. The story makes her cry
-> She is reading a story which makes her cry
1. They don't like the boy who always talk in the class.
2. She bought two hats and three shirts which are very beautiful.
3. I met the woman who can translate the text in to Vietnamese.
4. He is the only person who can find the better solution.
5. Have you seen the ruler which I put it on the table?
6. I am going to make some cakes which will make you happy.
7. It is the most difficult question which I have ever met it.
8. He is the man who drew the picture.
9. The woman is our president who have met before.
10. She is reading a story which makes her cry.