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Ta có: \(a^2-b=b^2-c\Leftrightarrow a^2-b^2=b-c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)=b-c\Rightarrow a+b=\frac{b-c}{a-b}\)
Tương tự CM được: \(b+c=\frac{c-a}{b-c}\) và \(c+a=\frac{a-b}{c-a}\)
Khi đó:
\(\left(a+b+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{a-b}{c-a}+1\right)\left(\frac{c-a}{b-c}+1\right)\left(\frac{b-c}{a-b}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{c-b}{c-a}\cdot\frac{b-a}{b-c}\cdot\frac{a-c}{a-b}=-1\)
Vì a2 - b = b2 - c = c2 - a
Ta có a2 - b = b2 - c
=> (a - b)(a + b) = b - c
=> a + b + 1 = \(\frac{a-c}{a-b}\)
Tương tự ta có : b + c + 1 = \(\frac{b-a}{b-c}\)
a + c + 1 =\(\frac{b-c}{a-c}\)
Khi đó (a + b + 1)(b + c + 1)(a + c + 1) = \(\frac{a-c}{a-b}.\frac{b-a}{b-c}.\frac{b-c}{a-c}=-1\)(đpcm)
\(\frac{a}{b-c}=-\frac{b}{c-a}-\frac{c}{a-b}=-\frac{b\left(a-b\right)+c\left(c-a\right)}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}=-\frac{b\left(a-b\right)+c\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-c\right)}\)
sau đó chứng minh tương tự và cộng theo từng vế thôi
\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c;a+c=-b;b+c=-a\)
\(\frac{a+b}{a-b}\left(\frac{a-b}{a+b}+\frac{b-c}{b+c}+\frac{c-a}{c+a}\right)=\frac{a+b}{a-b}\cdot\frac{a-b}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{a-b}\left(\frac{b-c}{b+c}+\frac{c-a}{c+a}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{a+b}{a-b}\cdot\frac{\left(b-c\right)\left(c+a\right)+\left(c-a\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=1+\frac{a+b}{a-b}\cdot\frac{bc+ab-c^2-ac+bc+c^2-ab-ac}{-a\cdot-b}\)
\(=1+\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(2bc-2ac\right)}{\left(a-b\right)ab}=1+-\frac{2c\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)ab}=1+\frac{-2c\cdot-c}{ab}=1+\frac{2c^2}{ab}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=-c\\b+c=-a\\c+a=-b\end{cases}}\)thay vào biểu thức đã cho:
\(\frac{a+b}{a-b}\left(\frac{a-b}{a+b}+\frac{b-c}{b+c}+\frac{c-a}{c+a}\right)\)\(=\frac{-c}{a-b}\left(\frac{a-b}{-c}+\frac{b-c}{-a}+\frac{c-a}{-b}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{-c\left(b-c\right)}{-a\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{-c\left(c-a\right)}{-b\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{c\left(b-c\right)}{a\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{c\left(c-a\right)}{b\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{bc\left(b-c\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{ac\left(c-a\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{b^2c-bc^2+ac^2-a^2c}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{c\left(b^2-a^2\right)-\left(bc^2-ac^2\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{c\left(b-a\right)\left(a+b\right)-c^2\left(b-a\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{\left(b-a\right).\left[c\left(a+b\right)-c^2\right]}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{\left(a-b\right).\left[c^2-c\left(a+b\right)\right]}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{c^2-\left(-c\right).c}{ab}=1+\frac{c^2-\left(-c^2\right)}{ab}=1+\frac{2c^2}{ab}\)(đpcm).
Ta có:
\(a^2-b=b^2-c=c^2-a\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2-b^2=b-c\\b^2-c^2=c-a\\c^2-a^2=a-b\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=\frac{b-c}{a-b}\\b+c=\frac{c-a}{b-c}\\c+a=\frac{a-b}{c-a}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=\frac{b-c}{a-b}.\frac{c-a}{b-c}.\frac{a-b}{c-a}=1\)