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Tham khảo tại đây: Câu hỏi của dbrby - Toán lớp 10 | Học trực tuyến
Đề gốc là \(P=\frac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{z}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(\frac{P}{4}=\frac{x}{2.2\sqrt{y}}+\frac{y}{2.2\sqrt{z}}+\frac{z}{2.2\sqrt{x}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Côsi:
\(2.2.\sqrt{x}\le x+2^2=x+4\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{P}{4}\ge\frac{x}{y+4}+\frac{y}{z+4}+\frac{z}{x+4}=\frac{x^2}{xy+4x}+\frac{y^2}{yz+4y}+\frac{z^2}{zx+4z}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{xy+yz+zx+4\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2+4\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)+12}\)
\(=3-\frac{36}{x+y+z+12}\ge3-\frac{36}{12+12}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge6\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=4\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunyakovsky:
\(P^2=\left(\sqrt{2x+yz}+\sqrt{2y+xz}+\sqrt{2z+xy}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(2x+yz+2y+xz+2z+xy\right)\)
\(=3\left(4+xy+yz+xz\right)=12+3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
Mặt khác,theo AM-GM:
\(3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le\left(x+y+z\right)^2=4\)
\(\Rightarrow12+3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le12+4=16\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2\le16\Leftrightarrow P\le4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
b/ ĐKXĐ:...
\(\Leftrightarrow x-19-2\sqrt{x-19}+1+y-7-4\sqrt{y-7}+4+z-1997-6\sqrt{z-1997}+9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-19}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-7}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-1997}-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-19}=1\\\sqrt{y-7}=2\\\sqrt{z-1997}=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=20\\y=11\\z=2006\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}=3\left(x^2+2\right)\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=a\\\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2=x^2+2\)
Pt tương đương:
\(10ab=3\left(a^2+b^2\right)\Leftrightarrow3a^2-10ab+3b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3a-b\right)\left(a-3b\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3a=b\\a=3b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x+1}=\sqrt{x^2-x+1}\\\sqrt{x+1}=3\sqrt{x^2-x+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}9\left(x+1\right)=x^2-x+1\\x+1=9\left(x^2-x+1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow...\)
a/ ĐKXĐ; \(-1\le x\le8\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{1+x}+\sqrt{8-x}=t>0\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(1+x\right)\left(8-x\right)}=\frac{t^2-9}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow t+\frac{t^2-9}{2}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2+2t-15=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=3\\t=-5\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1+x}+\sqrt{8-x}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9+2\sqrt{\left(1+x\right)\left(8-x\right)}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+x\right)\left(8-x\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=>\(\left(x-19\right)-2\sqrt{x-19}+1+\left(y-7\right)+4\sqrt{y-7}+4\)+\(+\left(z-1997\right)-6\sqrt{z-1997}+9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-19}=1\\\sqrt{y-7}=2\\\sqrt{z-1997}=3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=20\\y=11\\z=2006\end{cases}}}\)
vay...
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-19\right)2\sqrt{x-19}+1+\left(y-7\right)+4+\left(z-1997\right)+9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-19}=1\\\sqrt{y-7}=2\\\sqrt{z-1997}=3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=20\\y=11\\z=2006\end{cases}}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!