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Bài 4 :
24 phút = \(\dfrac{24}{60} = \dfrac{2}{5}\) giờ
Gọi thời gian dự định đi từ A đến B là x(giờ) ; x > 0
Suy ra quãng đường AB là 36x(km)
Khi vận tốc sau khi giảm là 36 -6 = 30(km/h)
Vì giảm vận tốc nên thời gian đi hết AB là x + \(\dfrac{2}{5}\)(giờ)
Ta có phương trình:
\(36x = 30(x + \dfrac{2}{5})\\ \Leftrightarrow x = 2\)
Vậy quãng đường AB dài 36.2 = 72(km)
`a,(x+3)(x^2+2021)=0`
`x^2+2021>=2021>0`
`=>x+3=0`
`=>x=-3`
`2,x(x-3)+3(x-3)=0`
`=>(x-3)(x+3)=0`
`=>x=+-3`
`b,x^2-9+(x+3)(3-2x)=0`
`=>(x-3)(x+3)+(x+3)(3-2x)=0`
`=>(x+3)(-x)=0`
`=>` $\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=0\\x=-3\end{array} \right.$
`d,3x^2+3x=0`
`=>3x(x+1)=0`
`=>` $\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=0\\x=-1\end{array} \right.$
`e,x^2-4x+4=4`
`=>x^2-4x=0`
`=>x(x-4)=0`
`=>` $\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=0\\x=4\end{array} \right.$
1) a) \(\left(x+3\right).\left(x^2+2021\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\x^2+2021=0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\left(nhận\right)\\x^2=-2021\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right. \)
=> S={-3}
a: =>|x-7|=3-2x
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< =\dfrac{3}{2}\\\left(-2x+3\right)^2-\left(x-7\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< =\dfrac{3}{2}\\\left(2x-3-x+7\right)\left(2x-3+x-7\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< =\dfrac{3}{2}\\\left(x+4\right)\left(3x-10\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=-4\)
b: =>|2x-3|=4x+9
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>=-\dfrac{9}{4}\\\left(4x+9-2x+3\right)\left(4x+9+2x-3\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>=-\dfrac{9}{4}\\\left(2x+12\right)\left(6x+6\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
c: =>3x+5=2-5x hoặc 3x+5=5x-2
=>8x=-3 hoặc -2x=-7
=>x=-3/8 hoặc x=7/2
`(x+1)^2 -|3-2x| +6 = (x+2)^2`
`<=> x^2 +2x +1 -|3-2x| +6 = x^2 +4x +4`
`<=> 2x +7 -4x -4 -|3-2x| =0`
`<=> 3 -2x -|3-2x| =0`
`<=> |3-2x| = 3-2x`
`@` nếu` 3-2x >= 0 => x <= 3/2 => |3-2x| =3-2x`
`=>` PT có dạng
`3-2x =3-2x(luôn-đúng)`
`=>` PT luôn có nghiệm khi `x<=3/2`
`@` nếu` 3-2x <0 => x >3/2 => |3-2x| = 2x-3`
`=> PT có dạng
`2x-3 = 3-2x`
`<=> 2x +2x = 3+3`
`<=> 4x=6`
`=> x = 3/2( loại)`
\(a,4\left(x-3\right)^2-\left(2x-1\right)^2\ge12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-24x+36-4x^2-4x+1\ge12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-28x+37\ge12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-28x\ge12-37\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-28x\ge-25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\le\dfrac{25}{28}\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{x\left|x\le\dfrac{25}{28}\right|\right\}\)
b, \(\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)\ge\left(x+3\right)^2+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-16\ge x^2+6x+9+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x^2-6x\ge9+5+16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6x\ge30\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\le-5\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{x\left|x\le-5\right|\right\}\)
\(c,\left(3x-1\right)^2-9\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)< 5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2-6x-1-9x^2+36< 5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2-9x^2-6x-5x+36+1< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-11x+37< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-11x< -37\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x>\dfrac{37}{11}\)
vậy \(S=\left\{x\left|x>\dfrac{37}{11}\right|\right\}\)
\(1.\dfrac{x-1}{3}-x=\dfrac{2x-4}{4}.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-1-3x}{3}=\dfrac{x-2}{2}.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-2x-1}{3}-\dfrac{x-2}{2}=0.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-4x-2-3x+6}{6}=0.\Rightarrow-7x+4=0.\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{7}.\)
\(2.\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)=x^2-2x.\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)-x\left(x-2\right)=0.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1-x\right)=0.\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)=0.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2.\\x=1.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(3.3x^2-4x+1=0.\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)=0.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1.\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4.\left|2x-4\right|=0.\Leftrightarrow2x-4=0.\Leftrightarrow x=2.\)
\(5.\left|3x+2\right|=4.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2=4.\\3x+2=-4.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}.\\x=-2.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(1,\dfrac{x-1}{3}-x=\dfrac{2x-4}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-1}{3}-x=\dfrac{x-2}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)-6x}{6}=\dfrac{3\left(x-2\right)}{6}\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(x-1\right)-6x=3\left(x-2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-2-6x=3x-6\\ \Leftrightarrow-4x-2=3x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-6+4x+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow7x-4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{7}\)
\(2,\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)=x^2-2x\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2-4x-x+2=x^2-2x\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x\right)-\left(x-2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)-\left(x-2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(3,3x^2-4x+1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(3x^2-3x\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(3x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4,\left|2x-4\right|=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x=4\\ \Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(5,\left|3x+2\right|=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2=4\\3x+2=-4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=2\\3x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(6,\left|2x-5\right|=\left|-x+2\right|\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-5=-x+2\\2x-5=x-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=7\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{7}{3}\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
f. 5 – (x – 6) = 4(3 – 2x)
<=>5-x+6=12-8x
<=>7x=1
<=>x=\(\dfrac{1}{7}\)
g. 7 – (2x + 4) = – (x + 4)
<=>7-2x-4=-x-4
<=>x=7
h. 2x(x+2)\(^2\)−8x\(^2\)=2(x−2)(x\(^2\)+2x+4)
<=>\(2x\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-8x^2=2\left(x^3-8\right)\)
<=>\(2x^3+8x^2+8x-8x^2=2\left(x^3-8\right)\)
<=>\(2x^3+8x=2x^3-16\)
<=>\(8x=-16\)
<=>\(x=-2\)
i. (x−2\(^3\))+(3x−1)(3x+1)=(x+1)\(^3\)
<=>\(x-8+9x^2-1=x^3+3x^2+3x+1\)
<=>\(6x^2-2x-10=0\)
<=>\(3x^2-x-5=0\)
<=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{61}}{6}\\x=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{61}}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
k. (x + 1)(2x – 3) = (2x – 1)(x + 5)
<=>\(2x^2-x-3=2x^2+9x-5\)
<=>10x=2
<=>\(x=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
f. 5 – (x – 6) = 4(3 – 2x)
<=>5-x+6=12-8x
<=>7x=1
<=>x=\(\dfrac{1}{7}\)
g. 7 – (2x + 4) = – (x + 4)
<=>7-2x-4=-x-4
<=>x=7
h. \(2x\left(x+2\right)^2-8x^2=2\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)\)
<=>\(2x\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-8x^2=2\left(x^3-8\right)\)
<=>\(2x^3+8x^2+8x-8x^2=2x^3-16\)
<=>\(8x=-16\)
<=>x=-2
i.\(\left(x-2\right)^3+\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)^3\)
<=>\(x^3-6x^2+12x+8+9x^2-1=x^3+3x^2+3x+1\)
<=>\(9x+6=0\)
<=>x=\(\dfrac{-2}{3}\)
k. (x + 1)(2x – 3) = (2x – 1)(x + 5)
<=>\(2x^2-x-3=2x^2+9x-5\)
<=>10x=2
<=>x=\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-3\right)-x^2=\left(x-2\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-3x+2x-3-x^2=x^2-4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-3-x^2+4x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{7}{3}\)
( x + 1 )( 2x - 3 ) - x2 = ( x - 2 )2
<=> 2x2 - x - 3 - x2 = x2 - 4x + 4
<=> 2x2 - x - x2 - x2 + 4x = 4 + 3
<=> 3x = 7
<=> x = 7/3
Vậy S = { 7/3 }