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a) ĐKXĐ: x\(\ge\)-3
PT\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+7\right)\left(x+3\right)}=3\sqrt{x+3}+2\sqrt{x+7}-6\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{x+3},\sqrt{x+7}\right)=\left(a,b\right)\) \(\left(a,b\ge0\right)\)
PT\(\Leftrightarrow ab=3a+2b-6\Leftrightarrow a\left(b-3\right)-2\left(b-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(b-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=2\\b=3\end{cases}}\)(TM ĐK)
TH 1: a=2\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}=2\Leftrightarrow x+3=4\Leftrightarrow x=1\)(tm)
TH 2: b=3\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+7}=3\Leftrightarrow x+7=9\Leftrightarrow x=2\)(tm)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình S={1; 2}
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(-\frac{3}{2}\le x\le4\)
\(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=6x-3\left(x+7-2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\right)-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=3\left(x+7+2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\right)-52\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=x+7+2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\)
Phương trình trở thành:
\(a=3a^2-52\Leftrightarrow3a^2-a-52=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-4\left(l\right)\\a=\frac{13}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=\frac{13}{3}\)
Phương trình này vô nghiệm nên ko muốn giải tiếp, bạn bình phương lên và chuyển vế thôi :(
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(-\frac{1}{4}\le x\le1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{4x+1}+2\sqrt{1-x}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=5+4\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}=\frac{a^2-5}{4}\)
Pt trở thành:
\(a+10\left(\frac{a^2-5}{4}\right)=13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5a^2+2a-51=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\a=-\frac{17}{5}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}=\frac{a^2-5}{4}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^2+3x=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\frac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+2\right)=12-x\sqrt{2x^2+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=24-2x\sqrt{2x^2+4}\)
Đặt \(x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=a\) ta được:
\(a^2=24-2a\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a-24=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=4\\a=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=4\left(x>0\right)\\x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=-6\left(x< 0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=16\\x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=36\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^4+2x^2-8=0\\x^4+2x^2-18=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=2\\x^2=-4\left(l\right)\\x^2=\sqrt{19}-1\\x^2=-\sqrt{19}-1\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2}\\x=-\sqrt{2}< 0\left(l\right)\\x=-\sqrt{\sqrt{19}-1}\\x=\sqrt{\sqrt{19}-1}>0\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
1.
ĐK: \(-1\le x\le4\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{4-x}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(4-x\right)}=\frac{t^2-5}{2}\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow t+\frac{t^2-5}{2}=5\Rightarrow t^2+2t-15=0\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=3\\t=-5\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(t=3\Rightarrow\sqrt{-x^2+3x+4}=2\) \(\Leftrightarrow-x^2+3x+4=4\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\) (tm)
2.
ĐK:\(x\ge4\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+4}+\sqrt{x-4}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{x^2-16}=t^2-2x\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow t=2x-12+t^2-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-t-12=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=4\\t=-3\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Giải tiếp như trên.
8.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{9\left(x+3\right)}{\sqrt{4x+1}+\sqrt{3x-2}}=x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\left(l\right)\\\frac{9}{\sqrt{4x+1}+\sqrt{3x-2}}=1\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4x+1}+\sqrt{3x-2}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4x+1}-5+\sqrt{3x-2}-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\left(x-6\right)}{\sqrt{4x+1}+5}+\frac{3\left(x-6\right)}{\sqrt{3x-2}+4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-6\right)\left(\frac{4}{\sqrt{4x+1}+5}+\frac{3}{\sqrt{3x-2}+4}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=6\)
6.
ĐKXD: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+\left(x+5-4\sqrt{x+1}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-3\right)^2+\frac{\left(x-3\right)^2}{x+5+4\sqrt{x+1}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2\left(2+\frac{1}{x+5+4\sqrt{x+1}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
7.
\(\sqrt{x-\frac{1}{x}}-\sqrt{2x-\frac{5}{x}}+\frac{4}{x}-x=0\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-\frac{1}{x}}=a\ge0\\\sqrt{2x-\frac{5}{x}}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a^2-b^2=\frac{4}{x}-x\)
\(\Rightarrow a-b+a^2-b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{1}{x}=2x-\frac{5}{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4}{x}\Rightarrow x=\pm2\)
Thế nghiệm lại pt ban đầu để thử (hoặc là bạn tìm ĐKXĐ từ đầu)
28. \(x^2+\frac{9x^2}{\left(x-3\right)^2}=40\) DK: \(x\ne3\)
PT\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{3x}{x-3}\right)^2-6\frac{x^2}{x-3}-40=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^4}{\left(x-3\right)^2}-6\frac{x^2}{x-3}-40=0\)
Dat \(\frac{x^2}{x-3}=a\). PTTT \(a^2-6a-40=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-10\right)\left(a+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=10\\a=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
giai tiep
14. \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}=1\) DK: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\x\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x}-1+\sqrt{x}+1}{x-1}=1\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x}=x-1\)\(\Leftrightarrow x-2\sqrt{x}+1=2\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3+2\sqrt{2}\\x=3-2\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) ĐK: \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x\ge3+\sqrt{3}\\x\le3-\sqrt{3}\end{cases}}\)
pt \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2-6x+9-4\sqrt{x^2-6x+6}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^2-4a+3=0\)\(\left(a=\sqrt{x^2-6x+6}\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x^2-6x+6}=1\\\sqrt{x^2-6x+6}=3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1hoacx=5\\x=3\pm2\sqrt{3}\end{cases}}\left(nhan\right)\)
b) ĐK..
pt \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}+2\left|\frac{x-2}{x-1}\right|-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}\left|\frac{x-2}{x-1}\right|=-3\left(loai\right)\\\left|\frac{x-2}{x-1}\right|=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\left(nhan\right)\)