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Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=a\\x-y=b\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\)ta có hệ \(\hept{\begin{cases}2a+3b=4\\a+2b=5\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=-7\\b=6\end{cases}}\)Từ đó ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=-7\\x-y=6\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{2}\\y=-\frac{13}{2}\end{cases}}\)PS: Cái đề chỗ 3(x+y) phải thành 3(x-y) chứ
c) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+2}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y-2}=6\\\dfrac{5}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y-2}=5\\\dfrac{5}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{x+1}+\dfrac{10}{y-2}=25\\\dfrac{5}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{11}{y-2}=22\\\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y-2}=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-2=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{x+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=1\\y-2=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\hept{\begin{cases}3\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+2y\right)=4\\4\left(x+1\right)-\left(x+2y\right)=9\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+2y\right)=4\\8\left(x+1\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)=18\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}11\left(x+1\right)=22\\3\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+2y\right)=4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\4y+8=4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
b) ĐK : y khác 0
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+\frac{1}{y}=-\frac{1}{2}\\2x-\frac{3}{y}=-\frac{7}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3x+\frac{3}{y}=-\frac{3}{2}\\2x-\frac{3}{y}=-\frac{7}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}5x=-5\\3x+\frac{3}{y}=-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\-3+\frac{3}{y}=-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\\frac{3}{y}=\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=2\left(tm\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(C,\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x-1\right|+\left|y-2\right|=1\\\left|x-1\right|+3y=3\left(#\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3y-\left|y-2\right|=2\)(1)
*Nếu y > 2 thì
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow3y-y+2=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=0\)(Loại do ko tm KĐX)
*Nếu y < 2 thì
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow3y-2+y=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=1\)(Tm KĐX)
Thay y = 1 vào (#) được \(\left|x-1\right|+3=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Vậy hệ có nghiệm \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
\(A,ĐKXĐ:x\left(y+1\right)>0\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=5\left(1\right)\\\sqrt{\frac{x}{y+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{y+1}{x}}=2\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Giải (2)
Có bđt \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\left(a,b>0\right)\)
Nên \(\sqrt{\frac{x}{y+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{y+1}{x}}\ge2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y+1\)
Thế x = y + 1 vảo pt (1) được
\(y+1+y=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2+1=3\)
Thấy x = 3 ; y = 2 thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ
Vậy hệ có ngihiemej \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
a) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+y\right)=0\\\left(y+1\right)\left(2y-x\right)=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot x=1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\\left(y+1\right)\left(2y-1\right)=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\y=-1;y=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot y=-1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=0\\0=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1;x=\frac{1}{2}\\0=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot x=2y\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2y-1\right)5y=0\\0=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=0\Rightarrow x=0\\y=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=1\end{cases}}\)
\(y=-2x\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\\left(1-2x\right)5x=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow y=-1\\x=0\Rightarrow y=0\end{cases}}\)
b) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=\frac{21}{8}\\\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=\frac{37}{6}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\\left(\frac{21}{8}-y\right)^2+y^2=\frac{37}{6}y\left(\frac{21}{8}-y\right)\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\2y^2-\frac{21}{4}y+\frac{441}{64}=-\frac{37}{6}y^2+\frac{259}{16}y\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\1568y^2-4116y+1323=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{8}\\y=\frac{9}{4}\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{9}{4}\\y=\frac{3}{8}\end{cases}}\)
c) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=2\\\frac{2}{xy}-\frac{1}{z^2}=4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{z^2}=\left(2-\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2xy-x-y\right)^2=-4x^2y^2+2xy\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}8x^2y^2-4x^2y-4xy^2+x^2+y^2-2xy+2xy=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4x^2y^2-4x^2y+x^2+4x^2y^2-4xy^2+y^2=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2xy-x\right)^2+\left(2xy-y\right)^2=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=\frac{1}{2}\\z=\frac{-1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
d) \(\hept{\begin{cases}xy+x+y=71\\x^2y+xy^2=880\end{cases}}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=S\\xy=P\end{cases}}\), ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}S+P=71\\SP=880\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=71-P\\P\left(71-P\right)=880\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=71-P\\P^2-71P+880=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=16\\P=55\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}S=55\\P=16\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot\hept{\begin{cases}S=16\\P=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=16\\xy=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=16-y\\y\left(16-y\right)=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=16-y\\y^2-16y+55=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\y=11\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=11\\y=5\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot\hept{\begin{cases}S=55\\P=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=55\\xy=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=55-y\\y\left(55-y\right)=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=55-y\\y^2-55y+16=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{55-3\sqrt{329}}{2}\\y=\frac{55+3\sqrt{329}}{2}\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{55+3\sqrt{329}}{2}\\y=\frac{55-3\sqrt{329}}{2}\end{cases}}\)
e) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}=12\\x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}=28\end{cases}}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}S=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\\P=\sqrt{xy}\end{cases}}\), ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}SP=12\\P\left(S^2-2P\right)=28\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=\frac{12}{P}\\P\left(\frac{144}{P^2}-2P\right)=28\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=\frac{12}{P}\\2P^4+28P^2-144P=0\end{cases}}\)
Tự làm tiếp nhá! Đuối lắm luôn
\(ĐK:x,y\ge\frac{-1}{2}\)
Xét hệ\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{2y+1}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{2}\left(1\right)\\\left(3x+2y\right)\left(y+1\right)=4-x^2\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Ta có:\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow3xy+3x+2y^2+2y+x^2-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+y-1\right)+2y\left(x+y-1\right)+4\left(x+y-1\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2y+4\right)\left(x+y-1\right)=0\)
Vì \(x,y\ge\frac{-1}{2}\)nên \(x+2y+4>0\)do đó \(x+y-1=0\Leftrightarrow y=1-x\)
Thay \(y=1-x\)vào (1), ta được: \(\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{3-2x}=\frac{4x^2-4x+1}{2}\)
Với \(ĐK:\frac{-1}{2}\le x\le\frac{3}{2}\). Đặt\(\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{3-2x}=t\left(t>0\right)\)\(\Rightarrow t^2=4+2\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)\left(3-2x\right)}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{-4x^2+4x+3}=\frac{t^2-4}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^2+4x-1=\left(\frac{t^2-4}{2}\right)^2-4\Leftrightarrow\frac{4x^2-4x+1}{2}=-\frac{t^4-8t^2}{8}\)
Từ đó ta có phương trình \(t=-\frac{t^4-8t^2}{8}\Leftrightarrow t\left(t^3-8t+8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t\left(t-2\right)\left(t^2+2t-4\right)=0\). Mà t > 0 nên \(\orbr{\begin{cases}t=2\\t=\sqrt{5}-1\end{cases}}\)
* Với t = 2, ta có: \(\sqrt{-4x^2+4x+3}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+1\right)=0\)\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow y=-\frac{1}{2}\\x=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow y=\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\)(tmđk)
* Với \(t=\sqrt{5}-1\), ta có: \(\sqrt{-4x^2+4x+3}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2-4}{2}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{-4x^2+4x+3}=1-\sqrt{5}< 0\)(vô lí)
Vậy hệ phương trình có 2 nghiệm (x;y) là \(\left(-\frac{1}{2};\frac{3}{2}\right)\)và \(\left(\frac{3}{2};-\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
Em cộng vế theo vế ta có:
\(2x^4+\left(1-2x\right)^4+2y^4+\left(1-2y\right)^4=\frac{2}{27}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy schwarz dạng engel
\(2x^4+\left(1-2x\right)^4=\frac{\left(x^2\right)^2}{1}+\frac{\left(x^2\right)^2}{1}+\frac{\left(\left(1-2x\right)^2\right)^2}{1}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+x^2+\left(1-2x\right)^2\right)^2}{1+1+1}\)
\(x^2+x^2+\left(1-2x\right)^2=\frac{x^2}{1}+\frac{x^2}{1}+\frac{\left(1-2x\right)^2}{1}\ge\frac{\left(x+x+1-2x\right)^2}{1+1+1}=\frac{1}{3}\)
=> \(2x^4+\left(1-2x\right)^4\ge\frac{1}{27}\)
Tương tự \(2y^4+\left(1-2y\right)^4\ge\frac{1}{27}\)
Do đó \(2x^4+\left(1-2x\right)^4+2y^4+\left(1-2y\right)^4\ge\frac{2}{27}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=1-2x và y=1-2y <=> x=y=1/3