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=>2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac>=0
=>(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(a-c)^2>=0(luôn đúng)
Xét hiệu a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc=1/2.2(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc)
=1/2(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc)
=1/2[(a^2-2ab+b^2)+(a^2-2ac+c^2)+(b^2-2bc+c^2)]
=1/2.[(a-b)^2+(a-c)^2+(b-c)^2]
vì (a-b)^2+(a-c)^2+(b-c)^2>=0
nên 1/2.[(a-b)^2+(a-c)^2+(b-c)^2]>=0
hay a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc >=0<=> a^2+b^2+c^2>=ab+ac+bc
Khởi động nhẹ nhàng thôi:v
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-a-b-c\ge\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{3}{2}=-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2-a+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(b^2-b+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(c^2-c+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(b-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(c-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
a) C1. Áp dụng BĐT : ( x - y)2 ≥ 0 ∀xy
Ta có : a2 + b2 ≥ 2ab ( 1)
b2 + c2 ≥ 2bc ( 2)
c2 + a2 ≥ 2ac ( 3)
Từ ( 1 ; 2 ; 3) ⇒ 2( a2 + b2 + c2) ≥ 2( ab + ab + ac)
⇔ 3( a2 + b2 + c2) ≥ ( a + b + c)2
⇔ a2 + b2 + c2 ≥ \(\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=\dfrac{9}{4}.\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi : a = b = c = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
C2. Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki , ta có :
( a2 + b2 + c2)( 12 + 12 + 12) ≥ ( a + b + c)2
⇔ a2 + b2 + c2 ≥ \(\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=\dfrac{9}{4}.\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi : a = b = c = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(a,\dfrac{2x+2y}{a^2+2ab+b^2}.\dfrac{ax-ay+bx-by}{2x^2-2y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2}.\dfrac{a\left(x-y\right)+b\left(x-y\right)}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2}.\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(a+b\right)}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(b,\dfrac{a+b-c}{a^2+2ab+b^2-c^2}.\dfrac{a^2+2ab+b^2+ac+bc}{a^2-b^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b-c}{\left(a+b\right)^2-c^2}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2+c\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b-c}{\left(a+b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{a-b}\)
\(c,\dfrac{x^3+1}{x^2+2x+1}.\dfrac{x^2-1}{2x^2-2x+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)^2}.\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{2\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{x-1}{2}\) \(d,\dfrac{x^8-1}{x+1}.\dfrac{1}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{\left(x^4\right)^2-1}{x+1}.\dfrac{1}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{\left(x^4-1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)}{x+1}.\dfrac{1}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}{x+1}.\dfrac{1}{x^2+1}\) \(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x+1}\) \(=x-1\) \(e,\dfrac{x-y}{xy+y^2}-\dfrac{3x+y}{x^2-xy}.\dfrac{y-x}{x+y}\) \(=\dfrac{x-y}{y\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{3x+y}{x\left(x-y\right)}.\dfrac{-\left(x-y\right)}{x+y}\) \(=\dfrac{x-y}{y\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{3x+y}{x}.\dfrac{-1}{x+y}\) \(=\dfrac{x-y}{y\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{-3x-y}{x\left(x+y\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{x\left(x-y\right)+y\left(3x+y\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{x^2-xy+3xy+y^2}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{xy\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\)tìm giá trị của m để pt 2x-m=1-x nhận giá trị x=-2 là nghiệm
giải hộ e với :)
Trước hết, với \(a+b+c=1\) ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a^3+ab^2\right)+\left(b^3+bc^2\right)+\left(c^3+ca^2\right)+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\)
\(\ge2a^2b+2b^2c+2c^2a+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\)
Hay \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)
Từ đó:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}=\dfrac{a^4}{a^2b}+\dfrac{b^4}{b^2c}+\dfrac{c^4}{c^2a}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a}=3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
10x2 - 5x + 1 \(\ge\)x2 + x
Ta có : 10x2 - 5x + 1 - x2 - x\(\ge0\)
9x2 - 6x + 1\(\ge0\)
( 3x - 1 )2 \(\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
\(\Rightarrow\)10x2 - 5x + 1 \(\ge\) x2 + x
b) a2 + b2 + c2 \(\ge\)ab + ac + bc
Nhân cả 2 vế với 2 ta được :
2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 \(\ge\) 2ab + 2ac + 2bc
Ta có : 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2ac - 2bc \(\ge0\)
( a2 - 2ab + b2 ) + ( a2 - 2ac + c2) + ( b2 - 2bc + c2 ) \(\ge0\)
( a - b ) 2 + ( a - c )2 + ( b - c )2 \(\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
\(\Rightarrow\) a2 + b2 + c2 \(\ge\) ab + ac + bc