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Ta có:\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}=\frac{\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{yz+x^2yz}}=\frac{\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{yz+x\left(x+y+z\right)}}=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{zx}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{z}{x+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}+\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{y}{z+y}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có: \(x+y+z=xyz\Rightarrow x=\frac{x+y+z}{yz}\Rightarrow x^2=\frac{x^2+xy+xz}{yz}\Rightarrow x^2+1=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+1}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}}\le\frac{\frac{x+y}{y}+\frac{x+z}{z}}{2}=1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}\le\frac{2+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}{x}=\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}\le\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\); \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế ba bất đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=3.\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}\)\(\le3.\frac{\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}{xyz}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{xyz}=\frac{\left(xyz\right)^2}{xyz}=xyz\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
Áp dụng giả thiết ta được: \(\dfrac{x}{{\sqrt {1 + {x^2}} }} = \dfrac{x}{{\sqrt {{x^2} + xy + yz + zx} }} = \dfrac{x}{{\sqrt {\left( {x + y} \right)\left( {x + z} \right)} }} \)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta được:
\(\dfrac{x}{{\sqrt {\left( {x + y} \right)\left( {x + z} \right)} }} = \sqrt {\dfrac{{{x^2}}}{{\left( {x + y} \right)\left( {x + z} \right)}}} \le \dfrac{1}{2}\left( {\dfrac{x}{{x + y}} + \dfrac{x}{{z + x}}} \right) \)
Do đó ta được: \(\dfrac{x}{{\sqrt {1 + {x^2}} }} \le \dfrac{1}{2}\left( {\dfrac{x}{{x + y}} + \dfrac{x}{{z + x}}} \right) \)
Hoàn toàn tương tự ta được:
\( \dfrac{y}{{\sqrt {1 + {y^2}} }} \le \dfrac{1}{2}\left( {\dfrac{y}{{x + y}} + \dfrac{y}{{y + z}}} \right)\\ \dfrac{z}{{\sqrt {1 + {z^2}} }} \le \dfrac{1}{2}\left( {\dfrac{z}{{z + x}} + \dfrac{z}{{y + z}}} \right) \)
Cộng theo vế các bất đẳng thức trên ta được:
\( \dfrac{x}{{\sqrt {1 + {x^2}} }} + \dfrac{y}{{\sqrt {1 + {y^2}} }} + \dfrac{z}{{\sqrt {1 + {z^2}} }}\\ \le \dfrac{1}{2}\left( {\dfrac{x}{{x + y}} + \dfrac{x}{{z + x}} + \dfrac{y}{{x + y}} + \dfrac{y}{{y + z}} + \dfrac{z}{{z + x}} + \dfrac{z}{{y + z}}} \right) = \dfrac{3}{2} \)
Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh.
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x = y = z = \dfrac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }} \)
Ta có :
\(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}=\frac{2+\sqrt{4\left(1+x^2\right)}}{2x}\le\frac{2+\frac{4+1+x^2}{2}}{2x}=\frac{9+x^2}{4x}\)
tương tự : \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}\le\frac{9+y^2}{4y}\); \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le\frac{9+z^2}{4z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le\frac{\left(9+x^2\right)yz+\left(9+y^2\right)xz+\left(9+z^2\right)xy}{4xyz}\)
\(=\frac{9\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}{4xyz}\le\frac{9\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+\left(xyz\right)^2}{4xyz}=\frac{4\left(xyz\right)^2}{4xyz}=xyz\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi x = y = z = \(\sqrt{3}\)
Từ giả thiết suy ra : \(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=1\)
Nên ta có : \(\frac{\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Dấu " = " \(\Leftrightarrow y=z\)
Vậy \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{4}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự ta có :
\(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{4}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right);\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{4}{z}\right)\)
Vậy ta có :
\(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Dấu " = " \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
Ta có :
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2-3\left(xy+yz+xx\right)=...=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2\right]\ge0\)
Nên \(\left(x+y+x\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+xx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(xyz\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\Rightarrow3\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}\Rightarrow3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\le xyz\)
Vậy \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le xyz\)
Dấu " = " \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!
\(\frac{1+\frac{1}{2}.2.\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}\le\frac{1+\frac{1}{4}\left(x^2+5\right)}{x}=\frac{x}{4}+\frac{9}{4x}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{9}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{9\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{4xyz}=\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{9\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}=x+y+z=xyz\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
\(x+y+z=xyz\Rightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y};\frac{1}{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=1\)
\(P=\frac{a}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{1+b^2}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ca+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ca+b^2}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ca+c^2}}\)
\(P=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\) hay \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
bài này mình nhớ làm khá nhiều ở cả olm và học 24 rồi. Mà chắc nó ko hiện câu hỏi tương tự nên làm lại
\(\left(\frac{1}{x},\frac{1}{y},\frac{1}{z}\right)\rightarrow\left(a,b,c\right)\). Khi đó cần cm \(\frac{2a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\frac{9}{4}\) với ab+bc+ca=1
\(VT=\)\(\frac{2a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{2a}{a+b}\cdot\frac{2a}{a+c}}+\sqrt{\frac{2b}{a+b}\cdot\frac{b}{2\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{2c}{a+c}\cdot\frac{c}{2\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{\frac{2a}{a+b}+\frac{2b}{a+b}+\frac{2a}{a+c}+\frac{2c}{a+c}+\frac{b}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c}{2\left(b+c\right)}}{2}=\frac{9}{4}\)
Đổi ẩn là ra ah.
\(\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(\frac{1}{a},\frac{1}{b},\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Từ giả thiết:\(x+y+z=xyz\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=1\)
Đặt \(\frac{1}{x}=a,\frac{1}{y}=b,\frac{1}{z}=c\)\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=1\)
Ta có:\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\)\(=\sqrt{\frac{1}{1+x^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{1+y^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{1+z^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\frac{1}{x}+x}}+\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{y}}{\frac{1}{y}+y}}+\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{z}}{\frac{1}{z}+z}}\)\(=\sqrt{\frac{a}{a+\frac{1}{a}}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{b+\frac{1}{b}}}+\sqrt{\frac{c}{c+\frac{1}{c}}}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\)
Đến đây:\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{a}{a+b}.\frac{a}{a+c}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right);\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{c+b}\right)\)
Cộng 3 bất đẳng thức lại ta có điều phải chứng minh :))
sao hỏi vớ vẩn thía