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Nhan xet:
\(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{3.4}=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\)
...
\(\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{100.101}=\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}\)
Vay: \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}\)
\(P< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{101}=\frac{99}{202}< 1\)
1/2^2 < 1/(1.2)= 1-1/2
1/3^2 <1/(2.3)=1/2-1/3
1/4^2 <1/(3.4)=1/3-1/4
......
1/100^2 < 1/99-1/100
cộng vế với vế ta được 1/2^2 +1/3^2+...< 1-1/2+1/2-1/3+....+1/99-1/100=1-1/100
=> ĐPCM
a) 1 + 3 + 32 + 33 + ... + 311
= (1 + 3 + 32 + 33) + ... + (38 + 39 + 310 + 311)
= 40 + ... + 38.(1 + 3 + 32 + 33)
= 40 + ... + 38. 40
= (1 + ... + 38) . 40 \(⋮\)40
b) Ta có: B = \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\)
=> B = \(\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+\frac{1}{4.4}+...+\frac{1}{100.100}\)< \(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
=> B < \(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
=> B <\(1-\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3}\right)-...-\left(\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{99}\right)-\frac{1}{100}\)
=> B < \(1-\frac{1}{100}\)
=> B < 1
Đặt :
\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+.........+\frac{1}{100^2}\)
Ta thấy :
\(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}\)
................
\(\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...........+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+.......+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1-\frac{1}{100}< 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1\)
Xét dạng tổng quát: \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\sqrt{n}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\sqrt{n}.\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\sqrt{n}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\sqrt{n}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{n+1}}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)=2.\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Thay vào đề bài ta có:
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{2013\sqrt{2012}}\)
\(< 2.\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}\right)\)
\(< 2.\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}\right)\)
\(< 2.\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}\right)< 2\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{1^2}=1\)
\(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}\)
...
\(\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{99.100}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< 1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}=1+1-\frac{1}{100}=2-\frac{1}{100}< 2\)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< 2\)
\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+....+\frac{1}{200^2}< \frac{1}{200^2}+\frac{1}{200^2}+...+\frac{1}{200^2}\left(100\text{số hạng}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+....+\frac{1}{200^2}< \frac{100}{200^2}< \frac{100}{200}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+....+\frac{1}{200^2}< \frac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
bài tớ sai rồi -_-' chưa lại hộ
\(=\frac{1}{2^2}.\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\right)< \frac{1}{2^2}.\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{1.2}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2^2}.\left(1+1-\frac{1}{100}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.2-\frac{1}{400}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{400}< \frac{1}{2}\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{7^2}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}\)
Ta có : \(\left(2n+1\right)^2=4n^2+4n+1>4n^2+4n\Leftrightarrow\left(2n+1\right)^2>2n\left(2n+2\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}< \frac{1}{2n\left(2n+2\right)}\)
Mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.4}\\\frac{1}{5^2}< \frac{1}{4.6}\\\frac{1}{7^2}< \frac{1}{6.8}\end{cases}}\)
\(...............\)
\(\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}< \frac{1}{2n\left(2n+2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{7^2}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}< \frac{1}{2.4}+\frac{1}{4.6}+\frac{1}{6.8}+...+\frac{1}{2n\left(2n+2\right)}=B\)
\(=\frac{4-2}{2.4}+\frac{6-4}{4.6}+\frac{8-6}{6.8}+...+\frac{2n+2-2n}{2n\left(2n+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{8}+...+\frac{1}{2n}-\frac{1}{2n+2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2n+2}< \frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< B< \frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{4}\) hay đpcm
Ta có :
\(P=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(P< \frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}=1-\frac{1}{100}=\frac{99}{100}< 1\)
Vậy \(P=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< 1\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
bạn nói với cô giáo là :
bài này nhìn là đủ biết không cần phải chứng minh
tử số bé hơn mẫu số gần trăm lần :) éo bao giờ > 1 được :)