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a)
\(A=4x-x^2+3=-\left(x^2-4x-3\right)=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
Daaus = xayr ra khi: x = 2
b) \(B=4x^2-12x+15=4\left(x^2-3x+9\right)-21=4\left(x-3\right)^2-21\ge-21\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x = 3
c) \(C=4x^2+2y^2-4xy-4y+1=\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-3=\left(2x-y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi
2x = y và y = 2
=> x = 1 và y = 2
a) A = \(-x^2+4x+3=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
Dấu "=" <=> x = 2
b) \(4x^2-12x+15=\left(2x-3\right)^2+6\ge6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
c) \(4x^2+2y^2-4xy-4y+1\)
= \(\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-3\)
= \(\left(2x-y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
Dấu "=" <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
*\(A=x^2+2y^2-2xy-4x-6y-3\)
\(A=x^2-2x\left(y+2\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+\left(y^2-10y+25\right)-32\)
\(A=x^2-2x\left(y+2\right)+\left(y+2\right)^2+\left(y-5\right)^2-32\)
\(A=\left(x-y-2\right)^2+\left(y-5\right)^2-32\ge-32\)
\(\Rightarrow Min_A=-32\Leftrightarrow x=7;y=5\)
* \(B=4x^2+2y^2-4xy+4x+6y+1\)
\(B=\left(2x\right)^2-\left(4xy+4x\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+\left(y^2+8y+16\right)-16\)\(B=\left(2x\right)^2-2.2x\left(y-1\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(y+4\right)^2-16\)\(B=\left(2x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y+4\right)^2-16\ge-16\)
\(\Rightarrow Min_B=-16\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{2};y=-4\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
P=4x2+4xy+y2+x2-4x+4+y2+8y+16+5
=> P=(2x+y)2+ (x-2)2 + (y+4)2 +5
Ta nhận thấy: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2x+y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\\\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\\left(y+4\right)^2\ge0\forall y\end{cases}}\)
=> P=(2x+y)2+ (x-2)2 + (y+4)2 +5 \(\ge\)5 Với mọi x, y
=> GTNN của P là Pmin = 5
Đạt được khi:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2x+y\right)^2=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\\\left(y+4\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x+y=0\\x-2=0\\y+4=0\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2&y=-4&\end{cases}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(A=x^2+2y^2+2xy+4x+6y+19\)
\(=\left[\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+2.\left(x+y\right).2+4\right]+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+14\)
\(=\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right).2+2^2\right]+\left(y+1\right)^2+14\)
\(=\left(x+y+2\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+14\ge14\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+2=0\\y=-1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=-1\)
b)Đề có gì đó sai sai...
c) Tương tự câu b,em cũng thấy sai sai...HÓng cao nhân giải ạ!
b) \(P=2x^2+y^2+2xy-2y-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2P=4x^2+2y^2+4xy-4y-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2P=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2P=\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-12\ge-12\forall x;y\)
Có \(2P\ge-12\Leftrightarrow P\ge-6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x+y=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=2\end{cases}}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(A=x^2+2xy+y^2-4x-4y+1\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-4\left(x+y\right)+1\)
\(=3^2-4.3+1=-2\)
b) \(B=x\left(x+2\right)+y\left(y-2\right)-2xy+37\)
\(=x^2+2x+y^2-2y-2xy+37\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)+37\)
\(=7^2+2.7+37=100\)
c) \(C=x^2+4y^2-2x+10+4xy-4y\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)^2-2\left(x+2y\right)+10\)
\(=5^2-2.5+10=25\)
a) \(A=x^2+2xy+y^2-4x-4v+1\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-4\left(x+y\right)+1\)
\(=3^2-4.3+1=-2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(C=4x^2+3y^2+4xy-4x-10y+7=\left[4x^2+4x\left(y-1\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2\right]+2\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-2=\left(2x+y-1\right)^2+2\left(y-2\right)^2-2\ge-2\)
\(minC=-2\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) \(D=x^2-2xy+6y^2-12x+2y+45=\left[x^2-2x\left(y+6\right)+\left(y+6\right)^2\right]+5\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+4=\left(x-y-6\right)^2+5\left(y-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
\(minD=4\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=7\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
tìm gtnn của biểu thức
a/A= x^2 + 2y^2+2xy +4x + 6y +19
b/B=2x^2+y^2+2xy-2y-4
c/C=4x^2 +2xy-4x+4xy-3
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=x^2+y^2+2xy+4x+4y+4+y^2+2y+1+14\)
\(A=\left(x+y+2\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+14\ge14\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=14\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(B=2\left(x^2+xy+\frac{y^2}{4}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-6\)
\(B=2\left(x+\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(y-2\right)^2-6\ge-6\)
\(\Rightarrow B_{min}=-6\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu c đề sai, sao vừa có 2xy lại có cả 4xy
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt \(A=-2x^2-y^2-2xy+4x+2y+2\)
\(-A=2x^2+y^2+2xy-3x-2y-2\)
\(-A=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+x^2-4x-2y-2\)
\(-A=\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)+1\right]+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-4\)
\(-A=\left(x+y-1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2-4\)
Mà \(\left(x+y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-A\ge-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\le4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-1=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=0\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(A_{Max}=4\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;0\right)\)
Đặt \(B=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+27\)
\(B=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+y^2+10x-22y+27\)
\(B=\left[\left(x-2y\right)^2+2\left(x-2y\right)\times5+25\right]+\)\(\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+1\)
\(B=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+1\)
Mà \(\left(x-2y+5\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(B_{Min}=1\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(-3;1\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 1
a) \(A=\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=2x^2+x-1=2\left(x^2+\frac{x}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)=2\left(x^2+2.\frac{1}{4}.x+\frac{1}{16}-\frac{9}{16}\right)\)\(=2\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-\frac{9}{16}\right]=2\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-\frac{9}{8}\)
Vì \(\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow2\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow2\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-\frac{9}{8}\ge-\frac{9}{8}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy minA=-9/8 khi x=-1/4
b)\(B=4x^2-4xy+2y^2+1=\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+y^2+1=\left(2x-y\right)^2+y^2+1\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2x-y\right)^2\ge0\\y^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)=>\(\left(2x-y\right)^2+y^2\ge0\Rightarrow B=\left(2x-y\right)^2+y^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi (2x-y)2=y2=0 <=> 2x-y=y=0 <=> x=y=0
Vậy minB=1 khi x=y=0
lý luận tương tự bài 1, bài này mình làm tắt
Bài 2:
a) \(C=5x-3x^2+2=-\left(3x^2-5x-2\right)=-3\left(x^2-\frac{5}{3}x-\frac{2}{3}\right)\)
\(=-3\left(x^2-2.\frac{5}{6}.x+\frac{25}{35}-\frac{49}{36}\right)=-3\left[\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2-\frac{49}{36}\right]=\frac{49}{12}-3\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2\le\frac{49}{12}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=5/6
b)\(D=-8x^2+4xy-y^2+3=3-\left(8x^2-4xy+y^2\right)=3-\left[\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+4x^2\right]\)
\(=3-\left[\left(2x-y\right)^2+4x^2\right]\le3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=0
\(B=\left(2x-y\right)^2+y^2+1\ge1\)
Đẳng thức xảy r akhi \(x=y=0\)
Sai chỗ nào hay không thì tự check;)) chắc ko sai đâu, đừng lo:v