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\(Đặt:n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=5,1\\22,4a+22,4.1,5.b=5,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ a,\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{5,1}.100\approx47,059\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Al}\approx100\%-47,059\%\approx52,941\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=2.n_{H_2}=2.\left(0,1+0,1.1,5\right)=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)\)
a)\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
x 2x x x
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
y 3y y 1,5y
Ta có hệ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y=5,1\\x+1,5y=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot24}{5,1}\cdot100\%=47,06\%\)
\(\%m_{Al}=100\%-47,06\%=52,94\%\)
b)\(\Sigma n_{HCl}=2x+3y=2\cdot0,1+3\cdot0,1=0,5mol\)
\(V=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25l=250ml\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1 0,1
PTHH: CuO + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2O
Mol: 0,01 0,01
\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65.100\%}{7,3}=89,04\%\)
\(\%m_{CuO}=100-89,04=10,96\%\)
b, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{7,3-0,1.65}{80}=\dfrac{0,8}{80}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{muối}=0,1.136+0,01.135=14,95\left(g\right)\)
nH2= 0,35(mol)
a) PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
x_________2x_______x______x(mol)
PTHH: Fe + 2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
y________2y________y_____y(mol)
Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+56y=13,2\\x+y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) m=m(muối khan)= mMgCl2 + mFeCl2= 95.x+127y=95.0,2+127.0,15= 38,05(g)
a)
Gọi
\(n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Mg} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56a + 24b = 13,2(1)\)
\(Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\)
Theo PTHH : \(n_{H_2} = a + b = 0,35(mol)\)(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,15 ;b = 0,2
Vậy :
\(\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,15.56}{13,2}.100\% = 63,64\%\\ \Rightarrow m_{Mg} = 100\% - 63,64\% = 36,36\%\)
b)
Ta có :\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,7(mol)\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng :
\(m_{muối} = m_{kim\ loại} + m_{HCl} - m_{H_2} = 13,2 + 0,7.36,5 - 0,35.2=38,05(gam)\)
Sửa đề: đktc → đkc
a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: 24nMg + 56nFe = 13,2 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,6765}{24,79}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}=0,35\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,2.24}{13,2}.100\%\approx36,36\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx63,64\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ m muối khan = 0,2.95 + 0,15.127 = 38,05 (g)
$a\bigg)$
Đặt $n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)$
$\to 27x+56y=22(1)$
BTe: $1,5x+y=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8(2)$
Từ $(1)(2)\to x=0,4(mol);y=0,2(mol)$
$\to \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,4.27}{22}.100\%\approx 49,09\%$
$\to \%m_{Fe}=100-49,09=50,91\%$
$b\bigg)$
Bảo toàn H: $n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1,6(mol)$
$\to m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,6.36,5}{25\%}=233,6(g)$
$\to m_{dd\, sau}=22+233,6-0,8.2=254(g)$
Bảo toàn Al,Fe: $n_{AlCl_3}=0,4(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=0,2(mol)$
$\to \begin{cases} C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,4.133,5}{254}.100\%\approx 21,02\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{254}.100\%=10\% \end{cases}$
a)Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Al, Fe trong hỗn hợp ban đầu (x,y>0)
Sau phản ứng hỗn hợp muối khan gồm: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AlCl_3:x\left(mol\right)\\FeCl_2:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=13,9\\133,5x+127y=38\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\approx0,0896\\y\approx0,205\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,0896\cdot27\cdot100\%}{13,9}\approx17,4\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,205\cdot56\cdot100\%}{13,9}\approx82,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo Bảo toàn nguyên tố Cl, H ta có:\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{3n_{AlCl_3}+2n_{FeCl_2}}{2}\\ =\dfrac{3\cdot0,0896+2\cdot0,205}{2}=0,3394mol\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3394\cdot22,4\approx7,6l\)
C1 :
- Hòa tan hh vào dd HCl :
Mg + 2HCl => MgCl2 + H2
Fe + 2HCl => FeCl2 + H2
X : MgCl2 , FeCl2 , HCl dư
Y : Cu
Z : H2
- Dung dịch X + NaOH :
MgCl2 + 2NaOH => Mg(OH)2 + 2NaCl
FeCl2 + 2NaOH => Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl
Kết tủa T : Mg(OH)2 , Fe(OH)2
- Nung T :
Mg(OH)2 -to-> MgO + H2O
4Fe(OH)2 + O2 -to-> 2Fe2O3 + 4H2O
Chất rắn : MgO , Fe2O3
C2:
Đặt : nCl2 = x (mol) , nO2 = y (mol)
nA = x + y = 0.6 (mol) (1)
mCl2 + mO2 = 48.15 - 19.2 = 28.95 (g)
=> 71x + 32y = 28.95 (2)
(1),(2) :
x = 0.25 , y = 0.35
Đặt : nMg = a (mol) , nAl = b (mol)
Mg => Mg+2 + 2e
Al => Al+3 + 3e
Cl2 + 2e => 2Cl-1
O2 + 4e => 2O2-
BT e :
2a + 3b = 0.25*2 + 0.35*4 = 1.9
mB = 24a + 27b = 19.2
=> a = 0.35
b = 0.4
%Mg = 0.35*24/19.2 * 100% = 43.75%
a)\(n_{H2}=\frac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi n Mg =x , n Zn =y
\(Mg+2HCl-->MgCl2+H2\)
x----------------------------------------x(mol)
\(Zn+2HCl-->ZnCl2+H2\)
y-------------------------------------y(mol)
Theo bài ta có hpt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+65y=3,9\\x+y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,063\\y=0,037\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Mg}=\frac{24,0,063}{3,9}.100\%=38,77\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=100-38,77=61,23\%\)
b)\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
Áp dụng ĐLBTKL
\(m_{muối}=m_{KL}+m_{HCl}-m_{H2}=3,9+7,3-0,2\)
=\(11\left(g\right)\)