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Ta có:
\(VP=4\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\le\left(\frac{1-a+1-c}{2}\right)^2\cdot4\left(1-b\right)=\left(2-a-c\right)\left(2-a-c\right)\left(1-b\right)\le\left(a+2b+c\right)\left(\frac{2-a-c+1-b}{2}\right)^2=\left(\frac{2+1-1}{2}\right)^2\left(a+2b+c\right)=VT\)
Đấu "=" khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=1\\1-a=1-c\\2-a-c=1-b\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=c\\2a+b=1\\1-2a=-b\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-2a=b\\1-2a=-b\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=0\\a=c=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Áp dụng BĐT Svácxơ, ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{9}{6}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
Lời giải:
a. Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
$\frac{1}{a}+\frac{a}{4}\geq 1$
$\frac{1}{b}+\frac{b}{4}\geq 1$
$\frac{1}{c}+\frac{c}{4}\geq 1$
Cộng theo vế:
$\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{a+b+c}{4}\geq 3$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{6}{4}\geq 3$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\geq \frac{3}{2}$ (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=2$
b.
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
$\frac{a^2}{c}+c\geq 2a$
$\frac{b^2}{a}+a\geq 2b$
$\frac{c^2}{b}+b\geq 2c$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a^2}{c}+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c^2}{b}+(c+a+b)\geq 2(a+b+c)$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a^2}{c}+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c^2}{b}\geq a+b+c=6$ (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=2$
đoạn trên nhầm mà là 1/a+1/b+1/c=(a+b+c)(1/a+1/b+1/c)vì a+b+c=1
Vì a+b+c=1=>(a+b+c)=(1/a+1/b+1/c)*(a+b+c)
=1+1+1+a/b+b/a+a/c+c/a+b/c+c/b
Áp dung cô si cho a/b+b/a>hoac bang 2
Tg tự a/c+c/a:b/c+c/b cũng vậy
=>(a+b+c)(1/a+1/b+1/c)>hoac bang9
p =.1/a+1/b+1/c>hoac bang9
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
$(\frac{1}{a^4}+\frac{1}{b^4}+\frac{1}{c^4})(1+1+1)\geq (\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2})^2(1)$
$(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2})(1+1+1)\geq (\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c})^2(2)$
$(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c})(a+b+c)\geq (1+1+1)^2$
$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\geq \frac{9}{a+b+c}=9$(3)$
Từ $(1); (2); (3)$ suy ra:
$\frac{1}{a^4}+\frac{1}{b^4}+\frac{1}{c^4}\geq \frac{9^4}{27}=243$
Vậy GTNN của biểu thức là 243 khi $a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}$
Đặt \(P=\dfrac{1}{a^4}+\dfrac{1}{b^4}+\dfrac{1}{c^4}=\left(\dfrac{1}{a^4}+\dfrac{1}{b^4}+\dfrac{1}{c^4}\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^4\) (do \(a+b+c=1\))
\(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{a^4}+\dfrac{1}{b^4}+\dfrac{1}{c^4}\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^4\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{a^4.b^4.c^4}}.\left(3\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^4=3^5=243\)
\(P_{min}=243\) khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\ge\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{9}{2}>4\)
Câu b chắc là \(a+2b+c\ge4\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\)
BĐT tương đương:
\(a+2b+c\ge4\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
Ta có:
\(VP=4\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\le\left(a+2b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)\)
\(VP\le\left(a+2b+c\right)\left(a+2b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(a+2b+c\right)\left(a+2b+c+c+a\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VP\le\frac{1}{4}\left(a+2b+c\right)\left(2a+2b+2c\right)^2=a+2b+c\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" không xảy ra
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