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2:
a: =>2x^2-4x-2=x^2-x-2
=>x^2-3x=0
=>x=0(loại) hoặc x=3
b: =>(x+1)(x+4)<0
=>-4<x<-1
d: =>x^2-2x-7=-x^2+6x-4
=>2x^2-8x-3=0
=>\(x=\dfrac{4\pm\sqrt{22}}{2}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(-\dfrac{3}{2}\le x\le4\)
BPT tương đương:
\(6+2\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)\left(4-x\right)}>2x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{-x^2+2x+8}>2x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< \dfrac{3}{2}\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\\4\left(-x^2+2x+8\right)>4x^2-12x+9\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< \dfrac{3}{2}\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\\8x^2-20x-23< 0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow-\dfrac{3}{2}\le x< \dfrac{5+\sqrt{71}}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\sqrt{2x^2+1}-\left(x+3\right)=x^2\)
=>\(\left(x+3\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{2x^2+1}-1\right)=x^2\)
=>\(\left(x+3\right)\cdot\dfrac{2x^2+1-1}{\sqrt{2x^2+1}+1}-x^2=0\)
=>\(x^2\left(\dfrac{2\left(x+3\right)}{\sqrt{2x^2+1}+1}-1\right)=0\)
=>x^2=0 hoặc \(\dfrac{2\left(x+3\right)}{\sqrt{2x^2+1}+1}=1\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\\sqrt{2x^2+1}+1=2x+6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x^2+1=\left(2x+5\right)^2;x>=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\4x^2+20x+25-2x^2-1=0;x>=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2+20x+24=0\\x>=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5+\sqrt{13}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>Phương trình này có 2 nghiệm
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt[3]{x+1}-1\right)+\left(\sqrt{2x+4}-2\right)< -x\sqrt{2}\)
=>\(\dfrac{x+1-1}{\sqrt[3]{\left(x+1\right)^2}+\sqrt[3]{x+1}+1}+\dfrac{2x+4-4}{\sqrt{2x+4}+2}+x\sqrt{2}< 0\)
=>x<0
=>-1<x<0
a, ĐK: \(x\le-1,x\ge3\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-2x-3\right)+\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}+3\right).\left(\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}=-\dfrac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\\\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-3=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\pm\sqrt{5}\left(tm\right)\)
b, ĐK: \(-2\le x\le2\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=t\Rightarrow t^2=10-3x-4\sqrt{4-x^2}\)
Khi đó phương trình tương đương:
\(3t-t^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=0\\\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2+x=8-4x\\2+x=17-4x+12\sqrt{2-x}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{6}{5}\left(tm\right)\\5x-15=12\sqrt{2-x}\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vì \(-2\le x\le2\Rightarrow5x-15< 0\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\) vô nghiệm
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=\dfrac{6}{5}\)
2/ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< -12\\x>12\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Với \(x< -12\Rightarrow x+\frac{12x}{\sqrt{x^2-144}}=x\left(1+\frac{12}{\sqrt{x^2-144}}\right)< 0< 35\)
\(\Rightarrow\) BPT luôn đúng
- Với \(x>12\), hai vế không âm, bình phương hai vế ta được:
\(x^2+\frac{144x^2}{x^2-144}+24\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{x^2-144}}-1225\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^4}{x^2-144}+24\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{x^2-144}}-1225\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{x^2-144}}+49\right)\left(\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{x^2-144}}-25\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{x^2-144}}-25\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\le25\sqrt{x^2-144}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-625x^2+90000\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-400\right)\left(x^2-225\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow225\le x^2\le400\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15\le x\le20\)
Vậy nghiệm của BPT là \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< -12\\15\le x\le20\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
a) ĐK: $x\geq 0$
BPT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x+2}(\sqrt{2}-1)\leq \sqrt{x}$
$\Leftrightarrow (3-2\sqrt{2})(x+2)\leq x$
$\Leftrightarrow x(2-2\sqrt{2})\leq 2(2\sqrt{2}-3)$
$\Leftrightarrow x\geq \frac{2(2\sqrt{2}-3)}{2-2\sqrt{2}}=-1+\sqrt{2}$
Vậy BPT có nghiệm $x\geq -1+\sqrt{2}$
b) ĐK: $x\geq 2$ hoặc $x\leq -2$
BPT $\Leftrightarrow (x-5)\sqrt{x^2-4}-(x-5)(x+5)\leq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-5)[\sqrt{x^2-4}-(x+5)]\leq 0$Ta có 2 TH:
TH1:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x-5\geq 0\\ \sqrt{x^2-4}-(x+5)\leq 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 5\\ \sqrt{x^2-4}\leq x+5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 5\\ x^2-4\leq x^2+10x+25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 5\\ 29\leq 10x\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x\geq 5\)
TH2:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x-5\leq 0\\ \sqrt{x^2-4}-(x+5)\geq 0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq 5\\ x^2-4\geq x^2+10x+25 \end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq 5\\ -29\geq 10x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq 5\\ x\leq \frac{-29}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x\leq \frac{-29}{10}\)
Kết hợp đkxđ suy ra $x\geq 5$ hoặc $x\leq \frac{-29}{10}$